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Advances in Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity pp 99–114Cite as

Model Systems for Studying Germ Cell Mutagens: From Flies to Mammals

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 518))

Abstract

The animal models used to analyze heritable effects induced in male germ cells by genotoxic agents are the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the mouse and, to a lesser extent, the zebrafish Brachydanio rerio. More than five decades of research on germline mutagenesis have led to the identification of the major variables in the complex relationship between mutagenic insult and germ-cell stage response. One key observation was that the magnitude of genetic damage induced in distinct cell stages by a mutagen can vary by several orders of magnitude (Vogel et al, 1998). A systematical comparison of hereditary damage in Drosophila males and in male mice revealed, nevertheless, common features of germ-cell responses across both species (Vogel and Natarajan, 1995). There is now abundant evidence that the presence and efficiency of DNA repair has a chief function for what is phenomenologically described as germ-cell specificity in the response to mutagen exposure. Other cellular conditions with a major function are the capacity of the cell for enzymatic conversion of stable chemicals into DNA-interactive metabolites, and germinal selection against large structural chromosome aberrations during and prior to meiosis. The interaction of these three complex biological processes largely determines the mutational spectrum finally observed in each individual germ-cell stage.

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  1. Leiden University Medical Centre Department of Radiation Genetics and Chemical Mutagenesis, MGC Sylvius Laboratories, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands

    Ekkehart W. Vogel & Madeleine J. M. Nivard

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  1. Ekkehart W. Vogel
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  1. McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Bernard Robaire  & Barbara F. Hales  & 

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Vogel, E.W., Nivard, M.J.M. (2003). Model Systems for Studying Germ Cell Mutagens: From Flies to Mammals. In: Robaire, B., Hales, B.F. (eds) Advances in Male Mediated Developmental Toxicity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 518. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9190-4_9

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