Skip to main content

Meat Flavor: Contribution of Proteins and Peptides to the Flavor of Beef

  • Conference paper
Quality of Fresh and Processed Foods

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 542))

Abstract

The flavor of a food is one of the principle factors involved in a consumer’s purchase decision; meat is no exception. This makes it necessary for food technologists to have a thorough understanding of flavors and changes in flavors if they are to prepare products that consumers will purchase repeatedly. Such knowledge is particularly important in meat and meat products, since the development and deterioration of meat flavor is a continual process (Spanier et al., 1988, Spanier et al.,1990, Spanier et al.,1992a, Spanier et al.,1993; St. Angelo et al., 1988) that involves both the generation and loss of desirable flavor components (St. Angelo et al., 1988; Drumm and Spanier 1991; Spanier and Drumm-Boylston 1994) and the formation of off-flavor compounds (Bailey 1988; Spanier et al., 1992b; St. Angelo et al., 1992; Timms and Watts 1958). The development of many of these flavor producing components is associated with the process of postmortem aging (Spanier et al., 1997), with the end-point cooking temperature (Spanier et al., 1996), and with the process of lipid oxidation (St. Angelo 1992). Mention of brand or firm names does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others of a similar nature not mentioned

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aristoy, M. C. and Toldrá, F., 1991, Deproteinization techniques for HPLC amino acid analysis in fresh pork muscle and dry-cured ham, J. Agric. Food Chem., 39:1792–1795.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ASTM, in, Aroma and Flavor Lexicon for Sensory Evaluation: Terms, Definitions, References and Examples, DS66, G. V. Civille and B. G. Lyons, eds., ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, 1996

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, M. E., 1988, Inhibition of warmed-over flavor, with emphasis on Maillard reaction products, Food Technol., 42:123–126.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barbieri, G., Bolzoni, L., Parolari, G., Virgili, R. Buttini, R., Careri, M.,and Mangia, A., 1992, Flavor compounds of dry cured ham, J. Agric. Food Chem., 40:2389–2394.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berdaque, J. L., Denoyer, C., LaQuéré, J. L., and Semon, E., 1991, Volatile compounds of dry-cured ham., J. Agric. Food Chem., 39:1257–1261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bird, J. W. C., Schwartz W. N., and Spanier, A. M., 1977, Degradation of myofibrillar proteins by cathepsin B and D., Acta. Biol. Med. Germ., 36:1587–1604.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bird, J. W. C., Carter, J., Triemer, R. E., Brooks, R. M. and Spanier, A. M., 1980, Proteinases in cardiac and skeletal muscle, Fed. Proc., 39:20–25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bird, J. W. C., Spanier, A. M. and Schwartz, W. N., Cathepsin B. and D: Proteolytic activity and Ultrastructural Localization in Skeletal Muscle, in: Protein Turnover and Lysosome Function, ed., H. L. Segal and D. J. Doyle, Academic Press, New York, pp. 589–604.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bird, J. W. C. in, Vol. 4.,Lysosomes in Biology and Pathology. ed. J.T. Dingle, and R.T. Dean, American Elsevier, New York, 1975, pp. 75–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodwell, C. E. and Anderson, B. A., 1986, Nutritional composition and value of meat and meat products, in: Muscle as Food, P. J. Bechtel, P. J. Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, FL, pp. 321–369.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buscailhon, S, Monin, S., Cornet, G. and Bousset, J., 1994, Time-related changes in nitrogen fractions and free amino acids of lean tissue of trench dry-cured ham, Meat Science, 37:449–456.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carmack, F. F., Kastner, C. L., Dikeman, M.E., Schwenke, J.R., and Garcia Zepeda, C. M., 1995, Sensory evaluation of beef-flavor-intensity, tenderness, and juiciness among major muscles, Meat Sci., 39:143–147.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cutts, R. J., Howlin, B. J., Mulholland, F., and Webb, G. A., 1996, Low-energy conformations of delicious peptide, a food flavor. Study by quenched molecular dynamics and NMR., J. Agric. Food Chem., 44:1409–1415.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dransfield, E. 1994, Optimization of tenderization, ageing and tenderness, Meat Sci., 36:105–121.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drumm, T. D. and Spanier, A. M., 1991, Changes in the content of lipid autoxidation and sulfur-containing compounds in cooked beef during storage, J. Agric. Food Chem., 39:336–343.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flores, M. and Toldrá, F., Curing: Process and applications, in: Encyclopedia of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition, R. Macrae, R. Robinson, M. Sadler, and G. Fullerlove, ed., Academic Press, London, 1993, pp. 1277–1281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flores, M., Aristoy, M. C., Spanier, A. M., and Toldrá, F., 1997, Correlations of non-volatile components and sensory properties of Spanish Serrano” dry-cured ham, Effect of processing time, J. Food Sci., 62:1235–1242.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flores, M., Grimm, C. C., Toldrá, F., and Spanier, A. M., 1997, Correlations of sensory and volatile compounds of Spanish “Serrano” dry-cured ham as a function of two processing times, J. Agric. Food Chem., 45:2178–2186.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamm, R., 1986, Functional properties of the myofibrillar system and their measurements, in: Muscle as Food, P. J. Bechtel ed., Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, FL., pp. 135–199.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hau, J., Cazes, D., and Fay, L. B., 1997, Comprehensive study of the Beefy Meaty Peptide, J. Agric. Food Chem., 45:1351–1355.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hedrick, H. B., Aberle, E. D., Forrest, J. C., Judge, M. D., and Merkel, R. A., 1994, Principles of Meat Science, Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, IA., 3rd edition

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins, D. T., 1981, Protein Quality in Humans: Assessment and In Vitro Estimation., C. E. Bodwell, J. S. Atkins, and D. J. Hopkins, AVI Publishing Co., Westport, CT. 1981, pp. 169–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • Imafidon, G. I., and Spanier, A. M, 1994, Unraveling the Secret of Meat Flavor, Trends in Food Science & Technology, 5:315–321.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kato, H., Rhue, M. R., and Nishimura, T., 1989, Role of free amino acids and peptides in food taste, Flavor Chemistry. Trends and Developments, R. Teranishi, R. G. Buttery, and F. Shahidi, ed., ACS Symposium series 388, ACS Books, Inc., Washington, DC, pp. 158–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koohmaraie, M., Babiker, A. S., Merkel, R. A., and Dutson, T. R., 1988, Role of Ca — dependent proteases and lysosomal enzymes in post-mortem changes in bovine skeletal muscle, J. Food Sci., 53:1253–1257.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koohmaraie, M., 1994, Muscle proteinases and meat aging, Meat Science, 36:93–104.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuramitsu, R., Nakata, T., Kamasaka, K., Fukama, T., Nakamura, K., Tamura, M., and Okai, H., 1997, Role of ionic Tastes in Food Materials, in: Chemistry of Novel Foods., A. M. Spanier, M. Tamura, H. Okaim and O. Mills, Allured Publishing Corp., Carol Stream, II, pp. 19–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maga, J. A., and Lorenz, K., 1972, The effect of flavor enhancers on direct headspace gas-liquid chromatography profiles of beef broth, J. Food Sci., 37:963–964.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marriot, N. G., Graham, P. P., Shaffer, C. K., and Phelps, S. K., 1987, Accelerated production of dry-cured hams, Meat Sci., 19:53–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marriot, N. G., Graham, P. P., and. Claus, J. R., 1992, Accelerated dry-curing of pork legs (hams): A review, J. Muscle Foods, 3:159–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nakata, T., Takahashi, M., Nakatani, M., Kuramitsu, R., Tamura, M.,and Okai, H., 1995, Role of basic and acidic fragments in delicious peptides (lys-gly-asp-glu-glu-ser-leu-ala) and the taste behavior of sodium and potassium salts in acidic oligopeptides, Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 59:689–693.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura, T. and Kato, H., 1988, Taste of free amino acids and peptides, Food Rev. Int., 4:175–194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura, T. Okitani, A., Rhue. M. R. and Kato, H., 1990, Survey of neutral aminopeptidase in bovine, porcine and chicken skeletal muscle, Agric. Biol. Chem., 54:2769–2775.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura, T., Rhue, M. R., Okitani, A. and Kato, H., 1988, Components contributing to the improvement of meat taste during storage, Agric. Biol. Chem., 52:2323–2330.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Okitani, A., Otsuka, Y., Katakai, R., Kondo, Y. and Kato, H., 1981, Survey of rabbit skeletal muscle peptideases active at neutral pH regions., J. Food Sci., 46:47–51.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shahidi, F., Rubin, L., J. and D’Souza, L. A., 1986, Meat flavor volatiles: A review of the composition, techniques of analysis, and sensory evaluation, CRC Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 24:141–243.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slover, H. T., Lanza, E., Thompson, R. H. Jr., Davis, C. S. and Merola, G. V., 1987, Lipids in raw and cooked beef, J. Food Comp. Anal., 1:26–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smulders, J. M., Toldrá, F., Flores, J. and Prieto, M., 1992, New Technologies for Meat and Meat Products, J. M. Smulders, F. Toldrá, and M. Prieto, eds., Audet Tijdschriften bv., The Netherlands, pp. 389.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., and Drumm-Boylston, T., 1994, Effect of temperature on the analysis of beef flavor volatiles: A look at carbonyl and sulfur-containing compounds, Food Chem., 50:251–259.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., Flores, M., McMillin, K. W., and Bidner, T. D., 1997, The effect of postmortem aging on meat flavor quality. Correlation of treatments, sensory, instrumental, and chemical descriptors, Food Chem., 59: 531–538.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., and Weglicki, W. B., 1982, Calcium-tolerant adult canine myocytes: Preparation and response to anoxia/acidosis, Am. J. Physiol., 243:H448–H455.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., Vercellotti, J. R., and James, C. Jr., 1992a, Correlation of sensory, instrumental, and chemical attributes of beef as influenced by structure and oxygen exclusion, J. Food Sci., 57:10–15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., Miller, J. A., and Bland, J. M., 1992b, Lipid oxidation: Effect on meat proteins, Lipid Oxidation in Foods, American Chemical Soc. Books, Inc., Washington, DC. pp. 104–119.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., Edwards, J. V.,and Dupuy, H. P., 1988, The W.O.F. process in beef: A study of meat proteins and polypeptides, Food Tech., 42:110–118.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., and Miller, J. A. Jr., 1996, Effect of Temperature on the quality of muscle food, J. Muscle Foods, 7:355–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., Dickens, B. F., and Weglicki, W. B., 1985, Response of canine cardiocyte lysosomes to ATP, Am. J. Physiol., 249 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 18):H20–H28.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., McMillin, K. W., and Miller, J. A., 1990, Enzyme activity levels in beef: Effect of postmortem aging and end-point temperature, J. Food Sci., 55:318–322, 326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spanier, A. M., and Miller, J. A., 1993, Role of proteins and peptides in meat flavor, in: Food Flavor & Safety, A. M. Spanier, H. Okai, and M. Tamura, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp. 78–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • St. Angelo, A. J., Vinyard, B. T., and. Bett, K. L., 1994, Sensory and Statistical Analyses in Meat Flavour Research, in: Flavor of Meat And Meat Products, F. Shahidi, Blackie Academic & Professional, London, pp. 266–290.

    Google Scholar 

  • St. Angelo, A. J., Vercellotti, J. R., Dupuy, H. P., and Spanier, A. M., 1988, Assessment of beef quality: a multidisciplinary approach, Food Technol., 42:133–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • St. Angelo, A. J., Spanier, A. M., and Bett, K. L., 1992, in: Lipid Oxidation in Foods, American Chemical Society Books, Inc., Washington, DC, pp. 140–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • St. Angelo., A. J., 1992, in: Lipid Oxidation in Food, ACS Symposium Series No. 500, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tamura, M., Nakatsuka, T., Tada, Kawasaki, Y., Kikuchi, E., and Okai, H., 1989, The relationship between taste and primary structure of “delicious peptide” (lys-gly-asp-glu-glu-ser-leu-ala) from beef soup, Agric. Biol. Chem., 53:319–325.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Timms, M. J. and Watts, B. M., 1958, Protection of cooked meats with phosphates, Food Tech., 12:240–243.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toldrá, F., Flores, M., and Aristoy, M. C., 1995, Enzyme generation of free amino acids and its nutritional significance in processed pork meats, in: Recent developments in food science and Nutrition, G. Charalambous, ed., G. Elsevier Sci., B.V. Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 1303–1322.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toldrá, F., Flores, M., and Sanz, Y., 1997, Dry-cured ham flavour: enzymatic generation and process influence. Food Chem., 59:523–530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toldrá, F., Flores, M., Navarro, J. L., Aristoy, M. C., and Flores, J., 1997, New developments in dry-cured ham, in: Chemistry of Novel Foods, A. M. Spanier, M. Tamura, H. Okai, and O. Mills, eds., Allured Pub. Co. Carol Stream, IL, pp. 259–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • USDA in, USDA nationwide food consumption survey, 1977–1978, nutrient intakes: individuals in 48 states. U.S.D.A., Washington, DC, 1984, Report No. 1–2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, K., Maga, J. A., and Bechtel, P. J., 1996, Taste properties and synergism of beefy meaty peptide, J. Food Sci., 61:837–839.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamasaki, Y., and Maekawa, K., 1978, A peptide with delicious taste, Agric. Biol. Chem., 42:1761–1765.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this paper

Cite this paper

Spanier, A.M. et al. (2004). Meat Flavor: Contribution of Proteins and Peptides to the Flavor of Beef. In: Shahidi, F., Spanier, A.M., Ho, CT., Braggins, T. (eds) Quality of Fresh and Processed Foods. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 542. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9090-7_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9090-7_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4790-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9090-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics