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Prospects for Obtaining Viable Oocytes from Cryopreserved Ovarian Tissue

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Essential IVF

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Abstract

As survival rates of patients with malignant diseases improve, the total and often irreversible sterility caused as a side effect of chemotherapy and abdominal irradiation assumes a greater significance. The sterilizing effects of cancer treatments may occur both through the loss of normal uterine function and through the partial or complete destruction of the primordial follicle reserve. Even if ovarian failure does not occur immediately, there is a substantial risk of premature menopause, especially in those aged over 30 years Whitehead et al, 1983; Birch et al, 1988). This loss of fertility is of particular relevance to young women and girls who are diagnosed with cancers when they are too young to have either started or completed their families. The childhood/youth cancer types whose treatments place females at the greatest risk of ovarian failure after chemotherapy, radiotherapy or bone marrow transplantation, but for which patients have high survival rates, have recently been reviewed by Oktay and Yih (2002). These include leukaemia, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, Wilms tumour and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. High-dose chemotherapy is also being used for an increasing number of non-malignant conditions such as autoimmune diseases and thalassaemias. The risk of premature loss of ovarian function after exposure to these agents is further increased in older patients who naturally have a reduced ovarian reserve, and is dependent on the type of chemotherapy agent or dose of radiation used to treat the cancer.

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  1. Academic Unit of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, LS2 9NS

    Helen M. Picton

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  1. Helen M. Picton
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  1. Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

    Jonathan Van Blerkom

  2. Colorado Reproductive Endocrinology, Rose Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA

    Jonathan Van Blerkom

  3. Cardiff Assisted Reproduction Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park Cardiff, Wales, UK

    Linda Gregory

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Picton, H.M. (2004). Prospects for Obtaining Viable Oocytes from Cryopreserved Ovarian Tissue. In: Van Blerkom, J., Gregory, L. (eds) Essential IVF. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8955-0_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8955-0_17

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