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Essential IVF pp 1–41Cite as

The Synthetic and Secretory Behaviors (Nonsteroidal) of Ovarian Follicular Granulosa Cells: Parallels to Cells of the Endothelial Cell Lineage

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Abstract

The cells of the ovarian follicular granulosa are most frequently referred to as epithelial cells. In general, descriptions of these cells focus primarily on two principle functions. One of these functions is to nurture and help maintain the integrity of the oocyte, from the inception of the follicle up to the point of ovulation, and perhaps even slightly beyond. A second function attributed to these cells is the production of steroid hormones, principally progesterone, essential for maintaining the pregnancy, in the event that an ovulated egg(s) becomes fertilized. This second objective is accomplished following the successful transformation of the ovulated follicle into a functional endocrine gland, the corpus luteum, and integration of the structure into the systemic circulation. There is little doubt, at this point, that the cells of the ovarian follicular granulosa perform each of these functions but there is growing evidence that the breadth of the capabilities, activities and functions of these cells may be much broader than originally anticipated. As the number of factors known to be produced by ovarian granulosa cells continues to increase, it becomes progressively more difficult to imagine exactly how each newly identified activity fits in with the biology of these cells, at least as far as it is currently understood and portrayed. It would be a simpler matter, in some respects, if the cells of the follicular granulosa were largely nonresponsive secretory cells.

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  1. Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

    Michael Antczak

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  1. Michael Antczak
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  1. Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

    Jonathan Van Blerkom

  2. Colorado Reproductive Endocrinology, Rose Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA

    Jonathan Van Blerkom

  3. Cardiff Assisted Reproduction Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park Cardiff, Wales, UK

    Linda Gregory

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Antczak, M. (2004). The Synthetic and Secretory Behaviors (Nonsteroidal) of Ovarian Follicular Granulosa Cells: Parallels to Cells of the Endothelial Cell Lineage. In: Van Blerkom, J., Gregory, L. (eds) Essential IVF. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8955-0_1

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