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Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin Modulates Nuclear Factor Kappa β in Two Urothelial Carcinoma Cell Lines

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Bladder Disease, Part A

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Abstract

Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) is a strain of Mycobacterium bovis and is the standard of care for intravesical therapy of recurrent superficial bladder cancer and carcinoma in situ. Multiple studies have shown that BCG acts as an immunomodulator and can generate a predominantly T helper subset 1 (Th1) cell response, but its exact mechanism of action is unknown. Most of the research on the mechanism of action has been performed on the immune system and little is known about its activity on the tumor cell. One predominant pathway in cell activation and oncogenesis is through nuclear factor kappa β (NFκ-β). This transcriptional factor has anti-apoptotic effects and is upregulated or constitutively active in many tumors and tumor-derived cell lines. This family of proteins is found in the cell cytoplasm bound to its inhibitor. Upon cell activation, the inhibitor is phosphorylated and degraded, allowing the factor to translocate into the nucleus, bind to its target DNA sequences, and activate transcription of a myriad of genes. We investigated the effect of BCG on the NFκ-β activation pathway of 2 high-grade bladder tumor cell lines, TCC SUP and T24. Cells were treated with BCG for various time durations and nuclear extracts were prepared and analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) to monitor NFκ-β DNA binding activity. We found 2 NFκ-β protein-containing bands, one constitutive, and the other inducible.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cancer Biology and the Section of Voiding Dysfunction and Female Urology, Department of Urology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Louis S. Liou, Provash C. Sadhukhan, Sudip K. Bandyopadhyay & Raymond R. Rackley

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  1. Louis S. Liou
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  2. Provash C. Sadhukhan
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  3. Sudip K. Bandyopadhyay
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  4. Raymond R. Rackley
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Anthony Atala

  2. Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA

    Debra Slade

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© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Liou, L.S., Sadhukhan, P.C., Bandyopadhyay, S.K., Rackley, R.R. (2003). Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin Modulates Nuclear Factor Kappa β in Two Urothelial Carcinoma Cell Lines. In: Atala, A., Slade, D. (eds) Bladder Disease, Part A. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8889-8_39

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8889-8_39

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4707-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-8889-8

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