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Tropospheric Ozone and Plants: Absorption, Responses, and Consequences

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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 212

Part of the book series: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ((RECT,volume 212))

Abstract

Ozone (O3) is known to have existed in the atmosphere since ancient times and has played a critical role in the survival of life on the Earth. In the stratosphere, O3 plays an extremely important and beneficial role in screening the lower layers of the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation. In the troposphere, and especially near the surface of the Earth, O3 is not beneficial. Ozone has been shown to be harmful to human health, vegetation and crop productivity (Dentener et al. 2006). In the past few decades, tropospheric O3 has emerged as a major secondary ­pollutant due to increased emissions of its precursors, e.g., nitrogen oxides (NO x ; x  =  1 or 2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (Ashmore 2005). High concentrations of O3 are associated with hot sunny weather. Such high concentrations of O3 are frequently observed in tropical areas where conditions are favorable for O3 formation (Jain et al. 2005; Tiwari et al. 2008). The adverse effects of O3 were first identified in grapevines (Richards et al. 1958), and it is now recognized as the most important rural air pollutant affecting human health, vegetation, or material that is susceptible to oxidation (Ashmore 2005; Fuhrer and Booker 2003; Karnosky et al. 2007; Karlsson et al. 2003; Laurence and Andersen 2003; Matyssek and Sandermann 2003).

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Acknowledgments

ST, SBA, MA, and AS are thankful to CSIR, DST, MOEn, and UGC, Government of India for the financial support. KC, JS, and AK of NIES also appreciate the support by the Global Environment Research Fund (A-0806) of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. RR also acknowledges the support of Professors Seiji Shioda (Showa University) and Yoshinori Masuo (Toho University) in promoting interdisciplinary research and unselfish encouragement.

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  1. Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal

    Randeep Rakwal

  2. School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan

    Randeep Rakwal

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan

    Randeep Rakwal

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  1. Kyoungwon Cho
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Cho, K. et al. (2011). Tropospheric Ozone and Plants: Absorption, Responses, and Consequences. In: Whitacre, D. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 212. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 212. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8453-1_3

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