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Fabrication and Applications of Glyconanomaterials

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The Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates-3

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 705))

Abstract

Nanomaterials have unique optical, electronic, or magnetic properties, thus explaining their potential applications in complex biosystems when coupled with biomolecules, such as DNA, peptides, proteins, or carbohydrates. With a large surface-to-volume ratio and homogeneity in aqueous solutions, various biomolecule-conjugated nanomaterials are exploited for elucidating biological interactions. During the past decade, biomolecule-conjugated nanoparticles (NPs) have been prepared and used in diagnostics [1], creative therapeutics [2], biomolecular interactions [3], and in vivo cell imaging [4, 5]. For example, Mirkin et al. developed an ultrasensitive bio-barcode detection method based on oligonucleotide-conjugated gold NP (AuNP) for biomarkers in small amounts in complex biofluids [6]. Weissleder et al. fabricated antibody-conjugated iron oxide NPs and used them to enhance T2 signals in magnetic resonance imaging [7]. Since they have unique magnetic properties, diverse functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been designed and prepared to purify target proteins from crude cell lysate by simple magnetic separation. Recently, the authors combined antibody-conjugated MNP with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight (MALDI–TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) as a rapid and cost-effective detection method for diagnosing disease markers in human sera [8–11]. Biomolecule-modified quantum dots (QDs) have also been demonstrated as having promising applications in in vivo imaging, including cell trafficking and targeting. Besides metallic NPs, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have also been demonstrated to be powerful carriers and to be useful in biological systems because of their high surface utilization efficiency and good size uniformity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the National Science Council of the Republic of China, Taiwan, for financially supporting this research under contract.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Chun-Cheng Lin

  2. Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan, International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

    Chun-Cheng Lin

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  1. Po-Chiao Lin
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  2. Avijit Kumar Adak
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  3. Chun-Cheng Lin
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Correspondence to Chun-Cheng Lin .

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  1. College of Medicine, Institute of Molecular&Cellular Biology, Chang-Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan R.O.C.

    Albert M. Wu

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Lin, PC., Adak, A.K., Lin, CC. (2011). Fabrication and Applications of Glyconanomaterials. In: Wu, A. (eds) The Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates-3. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 705. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7877-6_38

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