Skip to main content

Galectins in Regulation of Apoptosis

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 705))

Abstract

The term “galectins” was given in 1994 to a family of animal lectins that bind to β-galactosides and contain comparable sequences of amino acids in their genes and proteins [1]. At that time, there were just four identified members, but now 15 members have been described in mammals, with similar proteins found in various animal species, as well as in insects and plants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Barondes SH, Castronovo V, Cooper DNW, Cummings RD, Drickamer K, Feizi T, Gitt MA, Hirabayashi J, Hughes C, Kasai K, Leffler H, Liu FT, Lotan R, Mercurio AM, Monsigny M, Pillai S, Poirer F, Raz A, Rigby PWJ, Rini JM, Wang JL (1994) Galectins: a family of animal β-galactoside-binding lectins [letter to the editor]. Cell 76:597–598

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Hirabayashi J, Hashidate T, Arata Y, Nishi N, Nakamura T, Hirashima M, Urashima T, Oka T, Futai M, Muller WE, Yagi F, Kasai K (2002) Oligosaccharide specificity of galectins: a search by frontal affinity chromatography. Biochim Biophys Acta 1572(2–3):232–254

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hughes RC (1999) Secretion of the galectin family of mammalian carbohydrate-binding proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta 1473:172–185

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Liu FT, Patterson RJ, Wang JL (2002) Intracellular functions of galectins. Biochim Biophys Acta 1572(2–3):263–273

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Ahmad N, Gabius HJ, Andre S, Kaltner H, Sabesan S, Roy R, Liu B, Macaluso F, Brewer CF (2004) Galectin-3 precipitates as a pentamer with synthetic multivalent carbohydrates and forms heterogeneous cross-linked complexes. J Biol Chem 279(12):10841–10847

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Demetriou M, Granovsky M, Quaggin S, Dennis JW (2001) Negative regulation of T-cell activation and autoimmunity by Mgat5 N-glycosylation. Nature 409:733–779

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Partridge EA, Le Roy C, Di Guglielmo GM, Pawling J, Cheung P, Granovsky M, Nabi IR, Wrana JL, Dennis JW (2004) Regulation of cytokine receptors by Golgi N-glycan processing and endocytosis. Science 306(5693):120–124

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ohtsubo K, Takamatsu S, Minowa MT, Yoshida A, Takeuchi M, Marth JD (2005) Dietary and genetic control of glucose transporter 2 glycosylation promotes insulin secretion in suppressing diabetes. Cell 123(7):1307–1321

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Brewer CF, Miceli MC, Baum LG (2002) Clusters, bundles, arrays and lattices: novel mechanisms for lectin-saccharide-mediated cellular interactions. Curr Opin Struct Biol 12(5):616–623

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Delacour D, Cramm-Behrens CI, Drobecq H, Le Bivic A, Naim HY, Jacob R (2006) Requirement for galectin-3 in apical protein sorting. Curr Biol 16(4):408–414

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hernandez JD, Baum LG (2002) Ah, sweet mystery of death! Galectins and control of cell fate. Glycobiology 12(10):127R–136R

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Rabinovich GA, Toscano MA, Ilarregui JM, Rubinstein N (2004) Shedding light on the immunomodulatory properties of galectins: novel regulators of innate and adaptive immune responses. Glycoconj J 19(7–9):565–573

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Toscano MA, Bianco GA, Ilarregui JM, Croci DO, Correale J, Hernandez JD, Zwirner NW, Poirier F, Riley EM, Baum LG, Rabinovich GA (2007) Differential glycosylation of T(H)1, T(H)2 and T(H)-17 effector cells selectively regulates susceptibility to cell death. Nat Immunol 8(8):825–834

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hahn HP, Pang M, He J, Hernandez JD, Yang RY, Li LY, Wang X, Liu FT, Baum LG (2004) Galectin-1 induces nuclear translocation of endonuclease G in caspase- and cytochrome c-independent T cell death. Cell Death Differ 11:1277–1286

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Dias-Baruffi M, Zhu H, Cho M, Karmakar S, McEver RP, Cummings RD (2003) Dimeric galectin-1 induces surface exposure of phosphatidylserine and phagocytic recognition of leukocytes without inducing apoptosis. J Biol Chem 278(42):41282–41293

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. He J, Baum LG (2004) Presentation of galectin-1 by extracellular matrix triggers T cell death. J Biol Chem 279(6):4705–4712

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rubinstein N, Alvarez M, Zwirner NW, Toscano MA, Ilarregui JM, Bravo A, Mordoh J, Fainboim L, Podhajcer OL, Rabinovich GA (2004) Targeted inhibition of galectin-1 gene expression in tumor cells results in heightened T cell-mediated rejection; a potential mechanism of tumor-immune privilege. Cancer Cell 5(3):241–251

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Plachta N, Annaheim C, Bissiere S, Lin S, Ruegg M, Hoving S, Muller D, Poirier F, Bibel M, Barde YA (2007) Identification of a lectin causing the degeneration of neuronal processes using engineered embryonic stem cells. Nat Neurosci 10(6):712–719

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Rabinovich GA, Liu FT, Hirashima M, Anderson A (2007) An emerging role for galectins in tuning the immune response: lessons from experimental models of inflammatory disease, autoimmunity and cancer. Scand J Immunol 66(2–3):143–158

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Liu FT (2005) Regulatory roles of galectins in the immune response. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 136(4):385–400

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hsu DK, Liu FT (2004) Regulation of cellular homeostasis by galectins. Glycoconj J 19(7–9):507–515

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu FT, Rabinovich GA (2005) Galectins as modulators of tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer 5(1):29–41

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Nakahara S, Oka N, Raz A (2005) On the role of galectin-3 in cancer apoptosis. Apoptosis 10(2):267–275

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Takenaka Y, Fukumori T, Yoshii T, Oka N, Inohara H, Kim HR, Bresalier RS, Raz A (2004) Nuclear export of phosphorylated galectin-3 regulates its antiapoptotic activity in response to chemotherapeutic drugs. Mol Cell Biol 24(10):4395–4406

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Cecchinelli B, Lavra L, Rinaldo C, Iacovelli S, Gurtner A, Gasbarri A, Ulivieri A, Del Prete F, Trovato M, Piaggio G, Bartolazzi A, Soddu S, Sciacchitano S (2006) Repression of the antiapoptotic molecule galectin-3 by homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2-activated p53 is required for p53-induced apoptosis. Mol Cell Biol 26(12):4746–4757

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Hsu DK, Yang RY, Yu L, Pan Z, Salomon DR, Fung-Leung WP, Liu FT (2000) Targeted disruption of the galectin-3 gene results in attenuated peritoneal inflammatory responses. Am J Pathol 156:1073–1083

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Saegusa J, Hsu DK, Liu W, Kuwabara I, Kuwabara Y, Yu L, Liu FT (2008) Galectin-3 protects keratinocytes from UVB-induced apoptosis by enhancing AKT activation and suppressing ERK activation. J Invest Dermatol 128:2403–2411

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Fukumori T, Takenaka Y, Yoshii T, Kim HR, Hogan V, Inohara H, Kagawa S, Raz A (2003) CD29 and CD7 mediate galectin-3-induced type II T-cell apoptosis. Cancer Res 63(23):8302–8311

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Stillman BN, Hsu DK, Pang M, Brewer CF, Johnson P, Liu FT, Baum LG (2006) Galectin-3 and galectin-1 bind distinct cell surface glycoprotein receptors to induce T cell death. J Immunol 176(2):778–789

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Fernandez GC, Ilarregui JM, Rubel CJ, Toscano MA, Gomez SA, Beigier Bompadre M, Isturiz MA, Rabinovich GA, Palermo MS (2005) Galectin-3 and soluble fibrinogen act in concert to modulate neutrophil activation and survival: involvement of alternative MAPK pathways. Glycobiology 15(5):519–527

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Bernerd F, Sarasin A, Magnaldo T (1999) Galectin-7 overexpression is associated with the apoptotic process in UVB-induced sunburn keratinocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:11329–11334

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Kuwabara I, Kuwabara Y, Yang RY, Schuler M, Green DR, Zuraw BL, Hsu DK, Liu FT (2002) Galectin-7 (PIG1) exhibits pro-apoptotic function through JNK activation and mitochondrial cytochrome c release. J Biol Chem 277(5):3487–3497

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Ueda S, Kuwabara I, Liu FT (2004) Suppression of tumor growth by galectin-7 gene transfer. Cancer Res 64(16):5672–5676

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Wada J, Ota K, Kumar A, Wallner EI, Kanwar YS (1997) Developmental regulation, expression, and apoptotic potential of galectin-9, a b-galactoside binding lectin. J Clin Invest 99:2452–2461

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Kashio Y, Nakamura K, Abedin MJ, Seki M, Nishi N, Yoshida N, Nakamura T, Hirashima M (2003) Galectin-9 induces apoptosis through the calcium-calpain-caspase-1 pathway. J Immunol 170(7):3631–3636

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Zhu C, Anderson AC, Schubart A, Xiong H, Imitola J, Khoury SJ, Zheng XX, Strom TB, Kuchroo VK (2005) The Tim-3 ligand galectin-9 negatively regulates T helper type 1 immunity. Nat Immunol 6(12):1245–1252

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Sturm A, Lensch M, Andre S, Kaltner H, Wiedenmann B, Rosewicz S, Dignass AU, Gabius HJ (2004) Human galectin-2: novel inducer of T cell apoptosis with distinct profile of caspase activation. J Immunol 173(6):3825–3837

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Hadari YR, Arbel-Goren R, Levy Y, Amsterdam A, Alon R, Zakut R, Zick Y (2000) Galectin-8 binding to integrins inhibits cell adhesion and induces apoptosis. J Cell Sci 113(Pt 13):2385–2397

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Arbel-Goren R, Levy Y, Ronen D, Zick Y (2005) Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and JNK act as molecular switches, regulating the choice between growth arrest and apoptosis induced by galectin-8. J Biol Chem 280(19):19105–19114

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Hotta K, Funahashi T, Matsukawa Y, Takahashi M, Nishizawa H, Kishida K, Matsuda M, Kuriyama H, Kihara S, Nakamura T, Tochino Y, Bodkin NL, Hansen BC, Matsuzawa Y (2001) Galectin-12, an adipose-expressed galectin-like molecule possessing apoptosis-inducing activity. J Biol Chem 276(36):34089–34097

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Pace KE, Lee C, Stewart PL, Baum LG (1999) Restricted receptor segregation into membrane microdomains occurs on human T cells during apoptosis induced by galectin-1. J Immunol 163:3801–3811

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fu-Tong Liu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this paper

Cite this paper

Liu, FT., Yang, RY., Saegusa, J., Chen, HY., Hsu, D.K. (2011). Galectins in Regulation of Apoptosis. In: Wu, A. (eds) The Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates-3. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 705. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7877-6_22

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics