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Role of Gangliosides and Plasma Membrane-Associated Sialidase in the Process of Cell Membrane Organization

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The Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates-3

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 705))

Abstract

Glycosphingolipids are amphiphilic membrane lipids characterized by the presence of a long-chain (C18 or C20) amino alcohol, which has the trivial name “sphingosine.” Glycosphingolipids are components of all eukaryotic cell membranes, and gangliosides (glycosphingolipids containing sialic acid residues in their oligosaccharide chains) are particularly abundant in the plasma membranes of neurons. As sphingolipids are concentrated at the subcellular level in the plasma membrane, where they reside asymmetrically in the extracellular leaflet, they are relatively abundant in this district. Keeping in mind that sphingolipids are not homogeneously distributed throughout the membrane plane but rather are concentrated in restricted membrane areas [1] due to their spontaneous segregation with respect to glycerophospholipids, it can be predicted that their local concentration in specific “lipid membrane domains” would be very high.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Mitzutani Foundation for Glycoscience Grant 070002, which was given to Alessandro Prinetti, and by the CARIPLO Foundation Grant 2006, which was given to Sandro Sonnino.

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  1. Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milano, 20090, Italy

    Sandro Sonnino

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  1. Sandro Sonnino
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  2. Vanna Chigorno
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  3. Massimo Aureli
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  8. Laura Mauri
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  9. Alessandro Prinetti
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Correspondence to Sandro Sonnino .

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  1. College of Medicine, Institute of Molecular&Cellular Biology, Chang-Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan R.O.C.

    Albert M. Wu

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Sonnino, S. et al. (2011). Role of Gangliosides and Plasma Membrane-Associated Sialidase in the Process of Cell Membrane Organization. In: Wu, A. (eds) The Molecular Immunology of Complex Carbohydrates-3. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 705. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7877-6_14

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