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Aerogels Handbook pp 403–418Cite as

Anisotropic Aerogels by Photolithography

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Part of the book series: Advances in Sol-Gel Derived Materials and Technologies ((Adv.Sol-Gel Deriv. Materials Technol.))

Abstract

A general method is presented that allows fabrication of sol–gel materials with anisotropic physical properties. The gelation solvent is exchanged with a suitable solution of precursors and suitable chemical reactions are triggered in irradiated regions of the monoliths. The physical properties of the exposed regions can be varied almost at leisure by changing the precursors. For example, metal and sulfide nanoparticles can be formed inside the pores of the matrices and these nanoparticles change optical absorption, emission and index of refraction of the exposed regions. Polymers can be attached to the walls of the matrix pores, and this allows modulation of mechanical strength, hydrophobicity and optical properties. The character of the patterns can be adapted to the specific applications by varying the precursor solution. Single-photon reactions are used to generate patterns that start on the surface of the monoliths and extend within the bulk of the monoliths. Precursors that react when exposed to ionizing radiation are employed to create high aspect ratio patterns, and precursors that are dissociated by multiphoton processes are used to produce three-dimensional architectures. Physical properties and possible applications of the monoliths are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA

    Massimo Bertino

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  1. Massimo Bertino
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Correspondence to Massimo Bertino .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Résidence Vert-Pré, Ch. des Placettes 6, Bottens, CH-1041, Switzerland

    Michel A. Aegerter

  2. Technology, Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science &, Rolla, 65409, Missouri, USA

    Nicholas Leventis

  3. , Building Technologies Laboratory, Empa, Überlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland

    Matthias M. Koebel

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Bertino, M. (2011). Anisotropic Aerogels by Photolithography. In: Aegerter, M., Leventis, N., Koebel, M. (eds) Aerogels Handbook. Advances in Sol-Gel Derived Materials and Technologies. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7589-8_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7589-8_19

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