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Cancer Vaccines

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Principles of Anticancer Drug Development

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

Cancer vaccines offer the unique opportunity to provide specific and direct antitumor recognition and killing by recruiting both T- and B-cell arms of the immune system while avoiding nonspecific toxicities. Because of this exquisite sensitivity and specificity, cancer vaccines in theory could also be safely integrated with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Thus, the major advantage of immune-based therapies lies in their ability to specifically target the transformed tumor cell relative to the normal cell of origin. While a number of tumor-specific antigens have been reported most notably in melanoma and renal cell cancer [1–3], the clinical translation into the development of effective immunotherapy has been to date limited [4–7]. These observations have revealed that the immunologic interaction between tumor and host is complex and involves a delicate balance of tumor antigen recognition vs. tumor escape through immune regulatory pathways [8, 9]. As we begin to understand more about these mechanisms of immune modulation, new opportunities for immunotherapy have emerged. A number of novel immunotherapeutic approaches have been developed. They range from antigen-targeted immunotoxins to vaccines that enhance tumor-specific antibody and cellular responses. A few pancreatic cancer-associated antigens have now been identified as candidate targets of both antibody and cellular responses, particularly T-cell responses. This section will review the important features of an effective antitumor immune response, discuss the results of some of the more promising strategies that are currently under clinical development, and foreshadow what can be expected in the near future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Skip Viragh Center for Pancreas Cancer Clinical Research and Patient Care, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Bunting-Blaustein, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, CRB Room G89, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA

    Daniel Laheru

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Correspondence to Daniel Laheru .

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  1. Dept. Biostatistics, Bioinformatics &, Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Jonathan Lucas St. 86, Charleston, 29466, South Carolina, USA

    Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer

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Laheru, D. (2011). Cancer Vaccines. In: Garrett-Mayer, E. (eds) Principles of Anticancer Drug Development. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7358-0_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7358-0_18

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