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Arterial Circulation and Disease Processes

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Image-Based Computational Modeling of the Human Circulatory and Pulmonary Systems

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is an arterial disease resulting in thickening of the arterial wall and occlusion of the vessels in advanced stages. In addition to hereditary and environmental factors, the effect of fluid-induced stresses on the arterial wall has also been implicated on the etiology of the disease due to the fact that the lesions are found in arterial curvature and branching sites with complex flow dynamics. In this chapter, the computational modeling of the fluid dynamics in the coronary arteries and the aorta is discussed in order to determine the relationship between wall shear stress and its temporal and spatial gradients with the disease progression. The importance of the use of three-dimensional geometry of the region of interest from imaged data, the effect of boundary conditions as well as the unsteady flow analysis on the results are discussed. The modeling of the flow dynamics in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) geometrical models, as well as models of vascular graft anastomotic regions is also discussed.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the following former and current members of the CABER team for their contribution to the research described above: Dr. Thomas O’Brien, Dr. Liam Morris, Dr. Siobhan O’Callaghan, Dr. Paul Devereux, Dr. Lucy O'Keeffe, and Dr. Grainne Carroll, and special thanks to William Denny and Stephen Broderick for assistance on preparation of graphics.

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  1. Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Materials and Surface Science Institute, Centre for Applied Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Limerick, National Technological Park, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland

    Tim McGloughlin & Michael T. Walsh

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  1. Tim McGloughlin
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  2. Michael T. Walsh
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Correspondence to Tim McGloughlin .

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  1. College of Engineering, Seamans Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242-1527, Iowa, USA

    Krishnan B. Chandran

  2. College of Engineering, Seamans Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242-1527, Iowa, USA

    H. S. Udaykumar

  3. College of Engineering, Seamans Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242-1527, Iowa, USA

    Joseph M. Reinhardt

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McGloughlin, T., Walsh, M.T. (2010). Arterial Circulation and Disease Processes. In: Chandran, K., Udaykumar, H., Reinhardt, J. (eds) Image-Based Computational Modeling of the Human Circulatory and Pulmonary Systems. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7350-4_7

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