Skip to main content

Cellular, Molecular, and Genetic Changes During the Development of Ceratopteris richardii Gametophytes

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Working with Ferns

Abstract

Ceratopteris richardii is an aquatic fern that has proven to be a ­productive model system for studies in the genetics, biochemistry, and cell ­biology of early gametophytic development. Here we review and discuss the recent literature that documents the cellular, molecular, and gene expression changes that occur in gametophytes during polarity development and sexual differentiation, and in response to the environmental stimuli of light and gravity. Different approaches to achieve genetic transformation in this fern will also be discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Alongi, D.A., Hill, J.P., and Germino, M.J. 2009. Opportunistic heterotrophy in gametophytes of the homosporous fern Ceratopteris richardii. Botany-Botanique 87:799–806.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Banks, J.A. 1994. Sex-determining genes in the homosporous fern Ceratopteris. Development 120:1949–1958.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Banks, J.A. 1999. Gametophyte development in ferns. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 50:163-+.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Banks, J.A., Hickok, L., and Webb, M.A. 1993. The programming of sexual phenotype in the homosporous fern Ceratopteris richardii. International Journal of Plant Sciences 154:522–534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bushart, T.J. and Roux, S.J. 2007. Conserved features of germination and polarized cell growth: a few insights from a pollen-fern spore comparison. Annals of Botany 99:9–17.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bushart, T.J., Clark, G.B., Porterfield, D.M., and Roux, S.J. 2010. Testing the role of Ca2+-ATPases in the gravity-directed, trans-cell current of calcium in single-celled spores of Ceratopteris richardii. Gravitational and Space Biology 23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chasan, R. 1992. Ceratopteris: a model-plant for the 90s. Plant Cell 4:113–115.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee, A. and Roux, S.J. 2000. Ceratopteris richardii: a productive model for revealing secrets of signaling and development. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 19:284–289.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee, A., Porterfield, D.M., Smith, P.S., and Roux, S.J. 2000. Gravity-directed calcium ­current in germinating spores of Ceratopteris richardii. Planta 210:607–610.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, T.J., Racusen, R.H., Hickok, L.G., and Warne, T.R. 1987. The photocontrol of spore ­germination in the fern Ceratopteris richardii. Plant and Cell Physiology 28:753–759.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooke, T.J., Hickok, L.G., and Sugai, M. 1995. The fern Ceratopteris richardii as a lower plant-model system for studying the genetic-regulation of plant photomorphogenesis. International Journal of Plant Sciences 156:367–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, E.S. and Roux, S.J. 1998. Influence of gravity and light on the developmental polarity of Ceratopteris richardii fern spores. Planta 205:553–560.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gregorich, M. and Fisher, R. 2006. Auxin regulates lateral meristem activation in developing gametophytes of Ceratopteris richardii. Canadian Journal of Botany-Revue Canadienne De Botanique 84:1520–1530.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hickok, L.G., Warne, T.R., and Fribourg, R.S. 1995. The biology of the fern Ceratopteris and its use as a model system. International Journal of Plant Sciences 156:332–345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hodgins-Davis, A. and Townsend, J.P. 2009. Evolving gene expression: from G to E to G × E. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 24:649–658.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Imaizumi, T., Kanegae, T., and Wada, M. 2000. Cryptochrome nucleocytoplasmic distribution and gene expression are regulated by light quality in the fern Adiantum capillus-veneris. Plant Cell 12:81–95.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kagawa, T., Kasahara, M., Abe, T., Yoshida, S., and Wada, M. 2004. Function analysis of phototropin2 using fern mutants deficient in blue light-induced chloroplast avoidance movement. Plant and Cell Physiology 45:416–426.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamachi, H., Matsunaga, E., Noguchi, M., and Inoue, H. 2004. Novel mutant phenotypes of a dark-germinating mutant dkg1 in the fern Ceratopteris richardii. Journal of Plant Research 117:163–170.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamachi, H., Iwasawa, O., Hickok, L.G., Nakayama, M., Noguchi, M., and Inoue, H. 2007. The effects of light on sex determination in gametophytes of the fern Ceratopteris richardii. Journal of Plant Research 120:629–634.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kawai, H., Kanegae, T., Christensen, S., Kiyosue, T., Sato, Y., Imaizumi, T., Kadota, A., and Wada, M. 2003. Responses of ferns to red light are mediated by an unconventional photoreceptor. Nature 421:287–290.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kawai-Toyooka, H., Kuramoto, C., Orui, K., Motoyama, K., Kikuchi, K., Kanegae, T., and Wada, M. 2004. DNA interference: a simple and efficient gene-silencing system for high-throughput functional analysis in the fern Adiantum. Plant and Cell Physiology 45:1648–1657.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kiss, J.Z., Kumar, P., Millar, K.D.L., Edelmann, R.E., and Correll, M.J. 2009. Operations of a ­spaceflight experiment to investigate plant tropisms. Advances in Space Research 44:879–886.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kodama, Y., Tsuboi, H., Kagawa, T., and Wada, M. 2008. Low temperature-induced chloroplast relocation mediated by a blue light receptor, phototropin 2, in fern gametophytes. Journal of Plant Research 121:441–448.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Long, L.K., Ou, X.F., Liu, J.C., Lin, X.Y., Sheng, L.X., and Liu, B. 2009. The spaceflight environment can induce transpositional activation of multiple endogenous transposable elements in a genotype-dependent manner in rice. Journal of Plant Physiology 166: 2035–2045.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matia, I., Gonzalez-Camacho, F., Herranz, R., Kiss, J.Z., Gasset, G., van Loon, J., Marco, R., and Medina, F.J. 2010. Plant cell proliferation and growth are altered by microgravity conditions in spaceflight. Journal of Plant Physiology 167:184–193.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McGrath, J.M., Hickok, L.G., and Pichersky, E. 1994. Assessment of Gene Copy Number in the Homosporous Ferns Ceratopteris thalictroides and C. richardii (Parkeriaceae) by Restriction-Fragment-Length-Polymorphisms. Plant Systematics and Evolution 189:203–210.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Millar, K.D.L., Kumar, P., Correll, M.J., Mullen, J.L., Hangarter, R.P., Edelmann, R.E., and Kiss, J.Z. 2010. A novel phototropic response to red light is revealed in microgravity. New Phytologist 186:648–656.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakazato, T., Jung, M.K., Housworth, E.A., Rieseberg, L.H., and Gastony, G.J. 2006. Genetic map-based analysis of genome structure in the homosporous fern Ceratopteris richardii. Genetics 173:1585–1597.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nozue, K., Kanegae, T., Imaizumi, T., Fukuda, S., Okamoto, H., Yeh, K.C., Lagarias, J.C., and Wada, M. 1998. A phytochrome from the fern Adiantum with features of the putative photoreceptor NPH1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95:15826–15830.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pruitt, K.D., Tatusova, T., and Maglott, D.R. 2007. NCBI reference sequences (RefSeq): a curated non-redundant sequence database of genomes, transcripts and proteins. Nucleic Acids Research 35:D61-D65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Renzaglia, K.S., Warne, T.R., and Hickok, L.G. 1995. Plant development and the fern life-cycle using Ceratopteris richardii. American Biology Teacher 57:38–442.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutherford, G., Tanurdzic, M., Hasebe, M., and Banks, J. 2004. A systemic gene silencing method suitable for high throughput, reverse genetic analyses of gene function in fern gametophytes. BMC Plant Biology 4: 6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salmi, M.L. and Roux, S.J. 2008. Gene expression changes induced by space flight in single-cells of the fern Ceratopteris richardii. Planta 229:151–159.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salmi, M.L., Bushart, T.J., Stout, S.C., and Roux, S.J. 2005. Profile and analysis of gene expression changes during early development in germinating spores of Ceratopteris richardii. Plant Physiology 138:1734–1745.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salmi, M.L., Morris, K.E., Roux, S.J., and Porterfield, D.M. 2007. Nitric oxide and cGMP signaling in calcium-dependent development of cell polarity in Ceratopteris richardii. Plant Physiology 144:94–104.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scott, R.J. and Hickok, L.G. 1991. Inheritance and characterization of a dark-germinating, light-inhibited mutant in the fern Ceratopteris richardii. Canadian Journal of Botany-Revue Canadienne De Botanique 69:2616–2619.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scott, R.J., Gastony, G.J., Weatherford, J.W., and Nakazato, T. 2007. Characterization of four members of the alpha-tubulin gene family in Ceratopteris richardii. American Fern Journal 97:47–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spiro, M.D. and Knisely, K.I. 2008. Alternation of generations and experimental design: a guided-inquiry lab exploring the nature of the her1 developmental mutant of Ceratopteris richardii (C-Fern). Cbe-Life Sciences Education 7:82–88.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spiro, M.D., Torabi, B., and Cornell, C.N. 2004. Cytokinins induce photomorphogenic development in dark-grown gametophytes of Ceratopteris richardii. Plant and Cell Physiology 45:1252–1260.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stilts, C.E. and Fisher, R. 2007. Synthesis of plant auxin derivatives and their effects on Ceratopteris richardii – A collaborative experiment between undergraduate organic and ­biochemistry laboratories. Journal of Chemical Education 84:999–1003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stout, S.C., Clark, G.B., Archer-Evans, S., and Roux, S.J. 2003. Rapid and efficient suppression of gene expression in a single-cell model system, Ceratopteris richardii. Plant Physiology 131:1165–1168.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strain, E., Hass, B., and Banks, J.A. 2001. Characterization of mutations that feminize ­gametophytes of the fern Ceratopteris. Genetics 159:1271–1281.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanurdzic, M. and Banks, J.A. 2004. Sex-determining mechanisms in land plants. Plant Cell 16: S61–S71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ul Haque, A., Rokkam, M., De Carlo, A.R., Wereley, S.T., Wells, H.W., McLamb, W.T., Roux, S.J., Irazoqui, P.P., and Porterfield, D.M. 2006a. Design, fabrication and characterization of an in silico cell physiology lab for bio sensing applications. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 34:740–746.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ul Haque, A., Rokkam, M., DeCarlo, A.R., Wereley, S.T., Wells, H.W., McLamb, W.T., Roux, S.J., Irazoqui, P.P., and Porterfield, D.M. 2006b. In silico cell electrophysiology for measuring transcellular calcium currents. In Smart Medical and Biomedical Sensor Technology IV, eds. http://spie.org/x648.html?productid=673351&originid=x4323&startyear=2006&startat=21 B.M. Cullum and J.C. Carter, Vol. 6380, pp. U51–U59.

  • ul Haque, A., Rokkam, M., De Carlo, A.R., Wereley, S.T., Roux, S.J., Irazoqui, P.P., and Porterfield, D.M. 2007. A MEMS fabricated cell electrophysiology biochip for in silico calcium measurements. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical 123:391–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wada, M. 2007. The fern as a model system to study photomorphogenesis. Journal of Plant Research 120:3–16.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wada, M., Kadota, A., and Furuya, M. 1983. Intracellular-localization and dichroic orientation of phytochrome in plasma-membrane and or ectoplasm of a centrifuged protonema of fern Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Plant and Cell Physiology 24:1441–1447.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warne, T.R., Hickok, L.G., Sams, C.E., and Vogelien, D.L. 1999. Sodium/potassium selectivity and pleiotropy in stl2, a highly salt-tolerant mutation of Ceratopteris richardii. Plant Cell and Environment 22:1027–1034.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wen, C.K., Smith, R., and Banks, J.A. 1999. ANI1: a sex pheromone-induced gene in ceratopteris gametophytes and its possible role in sex determination. Plant Cell 11:1307–1317.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yao, J., Chang, C., Salmi, M.L., Hung, Y.S., Loraine, A., and Roux, S.J. 2008. Genome-scale cluster analysis of replicated microarrays using shrinkage correlation coefficient. BMC Bioinformatics 9:288.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mari L. Salmi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Salmi, M.L., Bushart, T., Roux, S.J. (2011). Cellular, Molecular, and Genetic Changes During the Development of Ceratopteris richardii Gametophytes. In: Kumar, A., Fernández, H., Revilla, M. (eds) Working with Ferns. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7162-3_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics