Abstract
Female athletes have unique concerns in terms of both anatomic and physiological issues concerning pain from musculoskeletal injuries and orthopedic conditions. Both mechanical loading and hormonal/endocrinological feedback strongly influence the female body structure. This chapter will examine gender-specific musculoskeletal disorders both in the acute traumatic and nonacute, atraumatic settings. Prevention and management of female athletic injuries will be addressed; the latter encompasses both surgical and nonoperative treatment.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Zumwalt M. Prevention and management of common musculoskeletal injuries in the adult female athlete. In: Robert-McComb JJ, Norman R, Zumwalt M, editors. The female athlete. Totowa: Humana Press; 2008. p. 169–82.
Sanborn C, Jankowski CM. Gender-specific physiology. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 23–8.
Teitz C. The upper extremities. In: Teitz C, editor. The female athlete. 1st ed. Rosemont: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 1997. p. 39–44.
Newport ML. Upper extremity disorders in women. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 85–94.
Hannefin JA. Upper extremity injuries. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 294–306.
Arendt E, Teitz C. The lower extremities. In: Teitz C, editor. The female athlete. 1st ed. Rosemont: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 1997. p. 45–62.
Arendt E. Stress fractures and the female athlete. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 131–8.
Otis C. Stress fractures in athletes. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 325–32.
Teitz C. Stress fractures. In: Teitz C, editor. The female athlete. 1st ed. Rosemont: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 1997. p. 81–7.
Female athlete issues for the team physician: consensus statement – AAOS. 2011. http://aaos.org/about/papers/advistmt/1024.asp. Accessed 4 Apr 2011.
Brown GA, Tan JL, Kirkley A. The lax shoulder in females: issues, answers, but many more questions. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 110–22.
Fulkerson J, Arendt E. Anterior knee pain in females. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 69–73.
Preventing ACL injuries and anterior knee pain in female athletes. 2011. http://www.sportsmd.com/SportsMD_Articles/id/418/cid/43/n/preventing_acl_injuries_and_anterior_knee_pain_in_female_athletes.aspx. Accessed 4 Apr 2011.
Arendt E. Knee injuries. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 307–15.
Claypoole C, Agassiz S. Physical therapy approaches to patellofemoral stress syndrome. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 316–20.
Huston L, Greenfield ML, Wojtys EM. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in the female athlete: potential risk factors. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 50–63.
Kirkendall D, Garrett WE. The anterior cruciate ligament enigma: injury mechanisms and prevention. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 64–8.
Female athletes injured more than male athletes. 2011. http://www.femaleathletesfirst.com/article.aspx?navid=7&articleid=98&animation=off. Accessed 4 Apr 2011.
Musculoskeletal injuries of the knee: are females at greater risk? 2011. http://www.minnesotamedicine.com/PastIssues/PastIssues2007/June2007/ClinicalArendtJune2007.aspx. Accessed 4 Apr 2011.
Lopiano D. Gender equity in sports. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 13–22.
Female athletes injured more than male athletes. 2011. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/01/100125123302.htm. Accessed 4 Apr 2011.
Female athletes and ACL reconstruction: rehabilitation integrating acupuncture and medical herbology. 2011. http://acupuncturetoday.com/mpacms/at/article.php?id=28517. Accessed 4 Apr 2011.
Hosea T, Carey C, Harrer M. The gender issue: epidemiology of ankle injuries in athletes who participate in basketball. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 45–9.
Frey C. Foot health and shoewear for women. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 32–44.
Lane JM, Russell L, Khan SN. Osteoporosis. In: Griffin L, Garrick J, editors. Clinical orthopaedics and related research: women’s musculoskeletal health: update for the new millennium. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. p. 139–50.
Johnson M. Disordered eating. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 141–51.
Marshall LA. Clinical evaluation of amenorrhea. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 152–63.
Snow-Harter C. Athletic amenorrhea and bone health. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 164–8.
Nattiv A, Yeager K, Drinkwater B, Agostini R. The female athlete triad. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 169–74.
Teitz C. The female athlete triad. In: Teitz C, editor. The female athlete. 1st ed. Rosemont: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 1997. p. 75–80.
Planet estrogen part III: the menstrual cycle and athletic performance. 2011. http://www.thinkmuscle.com/articles/volk/planet-estrogen-03.htm. Accessed 4 Apr 2011.
Lee M. Radiographic evaluation of sports-related injuries. In: Agostini R, Titus S, editors. Medical and orthopaedic issues of active and athletic women. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus; 1994. p. 286–93.
Acknowledgements
I would like to acknowledge the following people for their technical contribution in helping me toward completion of my book chapter. Without their dedication and hard work, the task would have been much more difficult for me: Ms. Beverly Reed, Ms. Meadow Green, Ms. Joni Davis, and Ms. Erica Pena. I also want to thank Ms. Carla Zavala, my nurse; Rosa Fuller, my close friend; Mich Zumwalt, my brother; Francoise & Kevin Sullivan, my mother and stepfather; and most of all, Miko and Demi, my wonderful children, for all their love and undying support for me always!
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zumwalt, M. (2013). The Female Athlete. In: Bailey, A., Bernstein, C. (eds) Pain in Women. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7113-5_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7113-5_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-7112-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-7113-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)