Abstract
As shown in Chap. 7 and discussed in this chapter, superthermal electrons depart from a Maxwellian distribution. These departures can lead to plasma instabilities that can influence and further alter the electron distribution function, affecting, to a considerable extent, the energy balance of the Earth’s ionospheric plasma. The problem of plasma stability relative to the excitation of electrostatic oscillations is also of considerable interest in the study of the ionosphere, using, for example, incoherent backscatter. In this chapter we consider the instabilities associated with the presence of photoelectrons and secondary electrons in the ionosphere.
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Khazanov, G.V. (2011). Kinetic Superthermal Electron Instabilities in the Ionosphere. In: Kinetic Theory of the Inner Magnetospheric Plasma. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 372. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6797-8_8
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