Abstract
As the “natural environment for the growth and well-being” of children (Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989, preamble), the family has long enjoyed special protection within international human rights law (e.g. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1976, art. 23 & 24; International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, 1976, art. 10; Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948). However, the concept of the family environment as the optimal setting for the development of children first appears in the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989). The Convention recognizes that the “child ….should grow up in a family environment, in an atmosphere of happiness, love and understanding” (preamble). To achieve this objective, the Convention directs governments to provide “necessary protection and assistance” to families so that they can fully assume their responsibilities within the community (preamble). These responsibilities include preparing children to be full participants in society.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adoption and Safe Families Act, 42 U.S.C. section 629 (1997).
Bernstein, N. (2005). All alone in the world: Children of the incarcerated. New York: New Press.
Braman, D. (2002). Families and incarceration. In M. Mauer & M. Chesney-Lind (Eds.), Invisible punishment: The collateral consequences of mass imprisonment (pp. 117–135). New York: New Press.
Braman, D. (2004). Doing time on the outside: Incarceration and family life in urban America. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
California Senate Concurrent Resolution 20 (2009).
Chesney-Lind, M. (2002). Imprisoning women: The unintended victims of mass imprisonment. In M. Mauer & M. Chesney-Lind (Eds.), Invisible punishment: The collateral consequences of mass imprisonment (pp. 79–94). New York: New Press.
Convention on the Rights of the Child, U.N. Doc. A/Res/44/25 (1989).
Coulton, C. J., & Korbin, J. E. (2007). Indicators of child well-being through a neighborhood lens. Social Indicators Research, 84, 349–361.
Coulton, C. J., Crampton, D., Irwin, M., Spilsbury, J., & Korbin, J. E. (2007). How neighborhoods influence child maltreatment: A review of the literature and alternative pathways. Child Abuse and Neglect, 31, 1117–1142.
Dallaire, D. H. (2007). Incarcerated mothers and fathers: A comparison of risks for children and families. Family Relations, 56, 440–453.
DeHart, D. D., & Altshuler, S. J. (2009). Violence exposure among children of incarcerated mothers. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 26, 467–479.
Dunn, J. (2004). Understanding children’s family worlds: Family transitions and children’s outcomes. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50, 224–235.
Freisthler, B., & Campton, D. (2009). Environment and child well-being. Children and Youth Services Review, 31, 346–348.
Frost, N., Greene, J., & Pranis, K. (2006). Hard hit: The growth in the imprisonment of women, 1977–2004. New York: Women’s Prison Association.
Genty, P. M. (2003). Twelfth annual symposium on contemporary urban challenges: Damage to family relationships as a collateral consequence of parental incarceration. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 30, 1671–1684.
Glaze, L. E., & Bonczar, T. P. (2009). Probation and parole in the United States, 2008 (NCJ 228230). Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Glaze, L. E., & Maruschak, L. M. (2008). Parents in prison and their minor children, (NCJ 222984). Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Hagan, J., & Dinovitzer, R. (1999). Collateral consequences of imprisonment of children, communities, and prisoners. Crime and Justice, 26, 121–162.
Hairston, C. F. (2007). Focus on children with incarcerated parents: An overview of the research literature. Baltimore, MD: Annie E. Casey Foundation.
Hetherington, E. M., & Clingempeel, W. G. (1992). Coping with marital transitions: A family systems approach. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 57, 2–3.
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, U.N. Doc. A/6316 (1966), entered into force March 23, 1976.
International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, U.N. Doc. A/6316 (1966), entered into force January 3, 1976.
James, D. J., & Glaze, L. E. (2006). Mental health problems and prison and jail inmates. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
JFA Institute. (2007). Unlocking America. Why and how to reduce America’s prison population? Washington, DC: Author.
Johnston, D. (1995). The care and placement of prisoners’ children. In K. Gabel & D. Johnston (Eds.), Children of incarcerated parents (pp. 103–123). New York: Lexington Books.
Kampfner, C. J. (1995). Post-traumatic stress reactions of children of imprisoned mothers. In K. Gabel & D. Johnston (Eds.), Children of incarcerated parents (pp. 89–102). New York: Lexington Books.
Kimbrough-Melton, R. J. & Koons-Witt, B. J. (in press). Will they be back: Reentry of adult female offenders in South Carolina. Columbia, SC: South Carolina Correctional Association
LaVigne, N. G., Davies, E., & Brazzell, D. (2008). Broken bonds: Understanding and addressing the needs of children with incarcerated parents. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
Marshall, K. (2008). Not seen. Not heard. Not guilty. The rights and status of the children of prisoners in Scotland. Edinburgh, UK: Scotland’s Commissioner for Children and Young People.
Melton, G. B. (1996). The child’s right to a family environment. Why children’s rights and family values are compatible. American Psychologist, 51, 1234–1238.
Melton, G. B. (2009). How strong communities restored my faith in humanity: Children can live in safety. In K. A. Dodge & D. L. Coleman (Eds.), Preventing child maltreatment: Community approaches (pp. 82–101). New York: Guilford.
Melton, G. B. & Holaday, B.J., (Eds.). (2008). Strong communities as safe havens for children [Special Issue]. Family and Community Health 31(2).
Minton, T. D., & Sabol, W. J. (2009). Jail inmates at midyear 2008: Statistical tables (Report No. NCJ 225709). Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Mumola, C. J. (2000). Incarcerated parents and their children. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Murray, J., & Farrington, D. P. (2005). Parental imprisonment: Effects on boys’ antisocial behavior and delinquency through the life-course. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 1269–1278.
Pew Center on the States. (2008). One in 100: Behind bars in America in 2008. Washington, DC: Pew Charitable Trusts.
Pew Center on the States. (2009). One in 31: The long reach of American corrections. Washington, DC: Pew Charitable Trusts.
Phillips, S. D., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G. P., Costello, E. J., & Angold, A. (2006). Disentangling the risks: Parent criminal justice involvement and children’s exposure to family risks. Criminology and Public Policy, 5, 677–702.
Poehlmann, J. (2005). Representations of attachment relationships in children of incarcerated mothers. Child Development, 76, 679–696.
Sabol, W. J., West, H. C., & Cooper, M. (2009). Prisoners in 2008 (Report No. NCJ 228417). Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
San Francisco Children of Incarcerated Parents Partnership. (2005) Children of Incarcerated Parents: A Bill of Rights, San Francisco: Author. ( www.sfcipp.org)
Schirmer, S., Nellis, A., & Mauer, M. (2009). Incarcerated parents and their children: Trends 1991–2007. Washington, DC: Sentencing Project.
Seymour, C. B. (1998). Children with parents in prison: Child welfare policy, program, and practice issues. Child Welfare, 77, 469–493.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, U.N. Doc. A/810 at 71 (1948)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kimbrough-Melton, R. (2010). The Right to a Family Environment for Children of Prisoners. In: Garbarino, J., Sigman, G. (eds) A Child's Right to a Healthy Environment. The Loyola University Symposium on the Human Rights of Children, vol 1. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6791-6_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6791-6_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-6789-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-6791-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)