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Neurochemical Aspects of Ischemic Injury

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Neurochemical Aspects of Neurotraumatic and Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Abstract

The brain has the highest metabolic rate of all organs and depends predominantly on oxidative metabolism as a source of energy. Thus, it utilizes about 20% of respired oxygen for normal function, even though it represents only 5% of the body weight. Much of oxygen taken up by neurons is utilized for producing ATP, which is needed not only for maintaining the appropriate ionic gradients across the neural membranes but also creating the proper cellular redox potentials. Full and transient deficits in glucose and oxygen can rapidly compromise ATP production and threaten cellular integrity by either not maintaining or abnormally modulating ion homeostasis and cellular redox. The initial response to a transient insufficiency of energy is depolarization resulting in Na+ influx into axons.

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  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 1645 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Akhlaq A. Farooqui

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Farooqui, A.A. (2010). Neurochemical Aspects of Ischemic Injury. In: Neurochemical Aspects of Neurotraumatic and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6652-0_2

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