Abstract
Students presenting with complex patterns of emotional and behavioral difficulties occur with a degree of frequency in school settings – particularly in light of the Surgeon General’s Report on Mental Health (US Department of Health and Human Services, 1999) which indicated that approximately 20% of children and adolescents demonstrate symptoms qualifying them for diagnoses under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; APA, 2000). For a student to be diagnosed with early onset schizophrenia (EOS), s/he must demonstrate a degree of functional impairment; thus, the school psychologist may already be aware of the needs of the student. This is particularly true if the student is in an active phase of the illness with ongoing delusions and hallucinations. It is not necessarily the responsibility of school personnel to make the diagnosis of EOS, yet all school psychologists should be able to conduct the psychoeducational evaluation of students with schizophrenia and other psychotic spectrum disorders.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Asarnow, R. F., Asamen, J., Granholm, E., Sherman, T., Watkins, J. M., & Williams, M. E. (1994). Cognitive/neuropsychological studies of children with a schizophrenic disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 20, 647–669.
Bradley, R., Henderson, K., & Monfore, D. A. (2004). A national perspective on children with emotional disorders. Behavioral Disorders, 29, 211–223.
Braw, Y., Bloch, Y., Medelovich, S., Ratzoni, G., Gal, G., Harari, H., et al. (2008). Cognition in young schizophrenia outpatients: Comparison of first-episode with multiepisode patients. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 34, 544–555.
Davidson, M., Reichenberg, A., Rabinowitz, J., Weiser, M., Kaplan, Z., & Mark, M. (1999). Behavioral and intellectual markers for schizophrenia in apparently healthy male adolescents. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 1328–1335.
Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (1987). California verbal learning test. San Antonio, TX: Pearson.
Drasgow, E., & Yell, M. L. (2001). Functional behavioral assessments: Legal requirements and challenges. School Psychology Review, 20, 239–251.
Fagerlund, B., Pagsberg, A. K., & Hemmingsen, R. P. (2006). Cognitive deficits and levels of IQ in adolescent onset schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Schizophrenia Research, 85, 30–39.
Fontaine, K. L. (2009). Mental health nursing (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Frazier, F. A., McClellan, J., Findling, R. L., Vitiello, B., Anderson, R., Zablotsky, B., et al. (2007). Treatment of early-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders (TEOSS): Demographic and clinical characteristics. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 979–988.
Fuller, R., Nopoulos, P., Arndt, S., O’Leary, D., Ho, B. C., & Andreasen, N. C. (2002). Longitudinal assessment of premorbid cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia through examination of standardized scholastic test performance. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 1183–1189.
Gochman, P. A., Greenstein, D., Sporn, A., Gogtay, N., Keller, B., et al. (2005). IQ stabilization in childhood-onset schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 77, 271–277.
Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Braff, D. L., & Mintz, J. (2000). Neurocognitive deficits and functional outcome in schizophrenia: Are we measuring the "right stuff"? Schizophrenia Bulletin, 26, 119–136.
Hollis, C. (1995). Child and adolescent (juvenile onset) schizophrenia. A case control study of premorbid development impairments. British Journal of Psychiatry, 166, 489–495.
Kodish, I., & McClellan, J. (2008). Early-onset schizophrenia. In M. Hersen & D. Reitman (Eds.), Handbook of psychological assessment, case conceptualization, and treatment, Vol. 2: Children and adolescents (pp. 405–443). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Kolvin, C., Ounsted, M., Humphrey, M., & McNay, A. (1971). The phenomenology of childhood psychoses. British Journal of Psychiatry, 118, 385–395.
Kronenberger, W. G., & Meyer, R. G. (2001). The child clinician’s handbook (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Lewis, D. A., & Levitt, P. (2002). Schizophrenia as a disorder of neurodevelopment. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 25, 409–432.
MacCabe, J. H., Lambe, M. P., Cnattingius, S., Torrang, A., Bjork, C., Sham, P. C., et al. (2008). Scholastic achievement at age 16 and risk of schizophrenia and other psychoses: A national cohort study. Psychological Medicine, 38, 1133–1140.
McClellan, J., & Werry, J. (2001). Practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with schizophrenia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(S), 4S–23S.
O’Neill, R. E., Horner, R. H., Albin, R. W., Sprague, J. R., Storey, K., & Newton, J. S. (1997). Functional assessment and program development for problem behavior: A practical handbook (2nd ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Patel, N. C., Crismon, M. L., Shafer, A., De Leon, A., Lopez, M., & Lane, D. C. (2006). Ethnic variation in symptoms and responses to risperidone in youth with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 41, 341–346.
Phillips, T. J., James, A. C. D., Crow, T. J., & Collinson, S. L. (2004). Semantic fluency in impaired but phonemic and design fluency are preserved in early-onset schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 70, 215–222.
Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (2004). Behavior assessment system for children (2nd ed.). Bloomington, MN: Pearson.
Rhinewine, J. P., Lencz, T., Thaden, E. P., Cervellione, K. L., Burdick, K. E., Henderson, I., et al. (2005). Neurocognitive profile in adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia: Clinical correlates. Biological Psychiatry, 58, 705–712.
Seidman, L. J., Giuliano, A. J., Smith, C. W., Stone, W. S., Glatt, S. J., Meyer, E., et al. (2006). Neuropsychological functioning in adolescents and young adults at genetic risk for schizophrenia and affective psychosis: Results from the Harvard and Hillside adolescent high risk studies. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 32, 507–524.
Sparrow, S. S., Balla, D. A., & Cichetti, D. V. (1984). Vineland adaptive behavior scales. Circle Pines, MH: American Guidance Services.
Tuulio-Henriksson, A., Partonen, T., Suvisaari, J., Haukka, J., & Lonnqvist, J. (2004). Age at onset and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 185, 215–219.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1999). Mental health: A report of the surgeon general. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health.
Vourdas, A., Pipe, R., Corrigall, R., & Frangou, S. (2003). Increased developmental deviance and premorbid dysfunction in early onset schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 62, 13–22.
Walker, E., & Lewine, R. (1990). Prediction of adult-onset schizophrenia from childhood home movies of the patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1052–1056.
Wechsler, D. (2009). Wechsler individual achievement test (3rd ed.) (WIAT-III). Bloomington, MN: Pearson.
Woodberry, K. A., Giuliano, A. J., & Seidman, L. J. (2008). Premorbid IQ in schizophrenia: A meta-analytic review. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 579–587.
Woodcock, R., McGrew, K., & Mather, N. (2001). Woodcock Johnson III tests of achievement. Itasca, IL: Riverside Publishing.
Wozniak, J. R., White, T., & Schulz, S. C. (2005). Neuropsychological factors in early-onset schizophrenia. In R. L. Findling & S. C. Schulz (Eds.), Juvenile-onset schizophrenia: Assessment, neurobiology, and treatment (pp. 125–147). Baltimore, MD: The John Hopkins University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Li, H., Pearrow, M., Jimerson, S.R. (2010). Psychoeducational Assessment. In: Identifying, Assessing, and Treating Early Onset Schizophrenia at School. Developmental Psychopathology at School. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6272-0_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6272-0_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-6271-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-6272-0
eBook Packages: Behavioral ScienceBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)