Abstract
This chapter describes our experiences developing wireless, acoustic sensor network systems for a high rate sensing application: monitoring amphibian populations in northern Australia. Our goal was to use automatic recognition of animal vocalizations to census the populations of native frogs and an invasive introduced species, the Cane Toad. This application falls within the large class of detection and classification applications based on acoustic signals, which also includes condition-based maintenance, vehicle classification, and in particular monitoring birds and animals. As most applications in this class, amphibian monitoring is challenging because it requires high frequency acoustic sampling (10kHz), complex signal processing and calls for low cost and long-lived unattended system operation in a challenging environment, characterized by significant environment noise as well as flooding, extreme heat and humidity and occasional forest fires. These design and deployment challenges were addressed over several phases. An initial system addressed the challenges of weather-proof, unattended operation. Our second system focused on miniaturization and driving down system costs. Our final system enabled fast in-network frog classification at the motes themselves using compressed sensing. Our experience shows that compressed sensing works in practice and can be a powerful tool in developing and implementing not only cane toad monitoring applications, but other high rate sensing applications.
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Hu, W. et al. (2010). Cane Toad Monitoring: Data Reduction in a High Rate Application. In: Gaura, E., Allen, M., Girod, L., Brusey, J., Challen, G. (eds) Wireless Sensor Networks. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5834-1_7
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