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Exercise as Medicine for Cardiac Patients

  • Chapter
Stress Proof the Heart

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Abstract

Exercise training is both a preventive and prescriptive countermeasure with which to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated physiological and behavioral risk factors. Exercise is efficacious for treating hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, insulin resistance, anxiety, depression, and stress as well as nontraditional CVD risk factors such as endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Resultantly, exercise training typically improves health outcomes in cardiac patients above and beyond those achieved with nonexercise care practices (i.e., other pharmacological and behavioral treatments) alone. However, despite the well-publicized benefits of exercise, patients struggle with adopting and maintaining physical activity, making clinicians hesitant to prescribe it as an effective treatment tool. There are, however, many factors that affect a patient’s adherence to an exercise program as well as strategies with proven effectiveness for increasing exercise compliance. In addition, an exercise prescription that is tailored to the patient’s goals and desired outcomes will improve long-term exercise compliance. The current chapter will thus present a brief summary of the benefits of exercise for behavioral and physiological health as well as the common physical and psychological ailments associated with the cardiac patient that can be mitigated by physical activity. The chapter will also address strategies and considerations for developing an appropriate exercise prescription and motivating the patient to successfully increase physical activity so as to optimize the effectiveness of exercise as medicine for the cardiac patient.

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Abbreviations

1-RM:

One-repetition maximum

ACSM:

American College of Sports Medicine

AHA:

American Heart Association

BDI:

Beck Depression Inventory

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

ECG:

Electrocardiogram

ICD:

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

STAI:

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for adults

STRRIDE:

Studies of a Targeted Risk Reduction Intervention through Defined Exercise

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  1. Henry Low Heart Center, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA

    Beth Parker Ph.D.

  2. University of Hartford, Hartford, CT, USA

    Beth Parker Ph.D.

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  1. Henry Low Heart Center, Hartford Hospital, Seymour Street 80, Hartford, 06102, Connecticut, USA

    Ellen A. Dornelas

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Parker, B. (2012). Exercise as Medicine for Cardiac Patients. In: Dornelas, E.A. (eds) Stress Proof the Heart. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5650-7_14

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