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Geriatric Gastroenterology pp 107–117Cite as

Geriatric Nutritional Assessment

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Abstract

Malnutrition is common in older adults in the community, nursing home, and hospital. Deficiencies in caloric and vitamin intake increase with age, functional impairment, and institutionalization, with resultant added risk of skin breakdown, illness, and death. Common contributory factors to undernutrition include polypharmacy, dementia, depression, oral health problems, and socioeconomic factors. Unintentional weight loss always warrants evaluation. Nutritional assessment includes a focused medical and social history, anthropometrics, selected biochemical and hematological parameters, and tools such as the Mini Nutritional Assessment and Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire. In addition to addressing the cause of malnutrition, management includes meeting patient food preferences, providing oral supplements, and rarely using orexigenic medications. Importantly, all interventions should respect patient preferences and treatment goals in the context of overall prognosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Kumar Dharmarajan MD, MBA & Kenneth L. Minaker MD

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  1. Kumar Dharmarajan MD, MBA
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  2. Kenneth L. Minaker MD
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Correspondence to Kumar Dharmarajan MD, MBA .

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  1. Hospital, Department of Medicine, Saint Peter’s University, 254 Easton Ave, New Brunswick, 08901, New Jersey, USA

    C. S. Pitchumoni

  2. (North Division), Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, 600 East 233rd Street, Bronx, 10466, New York, USA

    T. S. Dharmarajan

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Dharmarajan, K., Minaker, K.L. (2012). Geriatric Nutritional Assessment. In: Pitchumoni, C., Dharmarajan, T. (eds) Geriatric Gastroenterology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1623-5_12

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