Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mental Conditions in Adult Women: Epidemiology and Impact

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
A Public Health Perspective of Women's Mental Health

  • 1412 Accesses

Abstract

Thinking about the impact of illness has evolved over the past 50 years to encompass both the physiology of disease and the personal experience of illness. The signs and symptoms evident in bodily structures and functions (impairment) have become disentangled from the personal impact and understanding of them (disability), and their social consequences (handicap; Susser and Watson 1961; World Health Organization (WHO) 1980). More recently, political and social movements have begun to pose the idea that outcomes of care should move beyond well-being and personal satisfaction to include the many aspects of actual participation. In their view, it is essential that public health and social policy and practice support disabled individuals to achieve and sustain practical opportunities or “capabilities” in multiple and valued areas of their lives. In the public mental health arena, the President’s New Freedom Commission envisions recovery as the process by which people are able to “live, work, learn and participate fully in their communities” (Hogan 2003, p. 1467). This vision takes the idea of disease beyond its clinical dimensions (WHO 2001), making it essential that public mental health practitioners, policy makers, and advocates understand the extent and distribution of both disability and disorder in order to develop policies and practices that contribute to people’s activity and ability to participate in society throughout their lives.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Albrecht, G., Seelman, K., & Bury, M. (Eds.). (2001). The handbook of disability studies. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alexander, M. J. (1996). Women with co-occurring addictive and mental disorders: An emerging profile of vulnerability. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 66(1), 61–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Alexander, M. J., & Hopper, K. (2007). Capabilities and psychiatric disability: Rethinking public mental health. Paper prepared for the Human Development and Capability Association 2007 Annual Meeting.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alexander, M. J., & Muenzenmaier, K. (1998). Trauma, addiction and recovery: Addressing public health epidemics among women with severe mental illness. In B. Levin, A. Blanch, & A. Jennings (Eds.), Women’s mental health services: A public health perspective. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alkire, S. (2005). Why the capability approach? Journal of Human Development, 6(1), 115–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Barrow, S. (2002). Issues of motherhood for women in homeless shelters for single adults. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association, Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrow, S. M., & Lawinski, T. (2009). Contexts of mother-child separations in homeless families. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-2415.2009.01171.x.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhugra, D. (2005). The global prevalence of schizophrenia. PLoS Medicine, 2(5), e151.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breslau, N. (1998). Epidemiology of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder. In R. Yehuda (Ed.), Psychological Trauma. In J. M. Oldham & M. B. Riba (Eds.), Review of Psychiatry (Vol. 17, pp. 1–29). Washington, DC: APA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breslau, N., Davis, G. C., Peterson, E. L., & Schultz, L. R. (2000). A second look at comorbidity in victims of trauma: The posttraumatic stress disorder-major depression connection. Biological Psychiatry, 48(9), 902–909.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brunette, M. F., & Dean, W. (2002). Community mental healthcare for women with severe mental illness who are parents. Community Mental Health Journal, 38(2), 153–165.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brunette, M. F., & Drake, R. (1998). Gender differences in homeless persons with schizophrenia and substance abuse. Community Mental Health Journal, 34(6), 627–642.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burt, V. K., & Stein, K. (2002). Epidemiology of depression throughout the female life-cycle. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 63(Suppl. 7), 9–15.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caton, C. L. M., Shrout, P. E., Dominguez, B., Eagle, P. F., Opler, L. A., & Cournos, F. (1995). Risk-factors for homelessness among women with schizophrenia. American Journal of Public Health, 85(8), 1153–1156.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chilcoat, H. D., & Breslau, N. (1998). PTSD and drug use disorders: Testing the causal pathways. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 913–917.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Colton, C. W., & Manderscheid, R. W. (2006). Congruencies in increased mortality rates, years of potential life lost, and causes of death among public mental health clients in eight states. Preventing Chronic Disease, 3(2), A42–A56.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, J. A. (2006). Employment barriers for persons with psychiatric disabilities: Update of a report for the President’s Commission. Psychiatric Services, 57(10), 1391–1405.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Corso, P. S., Edwards, V. J., Fang, X., & Mercy, J. A. (2008). Health-related quality of life among adults who experiences maltreatment during childhood. American Journal of Public Health, 98(6), 1094–1100.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cowal, K., Shinn, M., Weitzman, B. C., Stojanovic, D., & Labay, L. (2002). Mother-child separations among homeless and housed families receiving public assistance in New York City. American Journal of Community Psychology, 30, 711–730.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crystal, S. (1984). Homeless men and homeless women: The gender gap. Urban and Social Change Review, 17, 2–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dams-O’Connor, K., Martens, M. P., & Anderson, D. A. (2006). Alcohol-related consequences among women who want to lose weight. Eating Behaviors, 7(3), 188–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, L., Schmutte, T., Dinzeo, T., Andres-Hyman, R. (2008). Remission and recovery in schizophrenia: Practitioner and patient perspectives. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 34, 5–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dickey, B. (2005). The social gradient of health: A mental health services research agenda based on principles of economic and social justice. Harvard Health Policy Review, 6(2), 22–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickey, B., Azeni, H., Weiss, R., & Sederer, L. (2000). Schizophrenia, substance use disorders and medical co-morbidity. Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 3, 27–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickey, B., Dembling, B., Azeni, H., & Normand, S. L. (2003). Externally caused death rates for adults with mental illness and co-morbid substance use disorders. Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research, 1, 75–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickey, B., Normand, S.-L. T., Weiss, R. D., Drake, R. E., & Azeni, H. (2002). Medical morbidity, mental illness and substance use disorders. Psychiatric Services, 53(7), 861–867.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Draine, J., Salzer, M. S., Culhane, D. P., & Hadley, T. R. (2002). Role of social disadvantage in crime, joblessness, and homelessness among persons with serious mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 53, 565–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drake, R. E., Osher, F. C., & Wallach, M. A. (1989). Alcohol use and abuse in schizophrenia: A prospective community study. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 177(7), 408–414.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dube, S. R., Anda, R. F., Whitfield, C. L., Brown, D. W., Felitti, V. J., Dong, M., & Giles W. H. (2005). Long-term consequences of childhood sexual abuse by gender of victim. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 28(5), 430–438.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dube, S. R., Felitti, V. J., Dong, M., Giles, W. H., & Anda, R. F. (2003). The impact of adverse childhood experiences on health problems: Evidence from four birth cohorts dating back to 1900. Preventive Medicine, 37, 268–277.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eaton, W. W. (1999). Evidence for universality and uniformity of schizophrenia around the world: Assessment and implications. In W. F. Gattaz & H. Hafner (Eds.), Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia, Vol. 4: Balance of the Century (pp. 21–33). New York, NY: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eaton, W. W., Kalaydjian, A., Scharfstein, D. O., Mezuk, B., & Ding, Y. (2007). Prevalence and incidence of depressive disorder: The Baltimore ECA follow-up, 1981–2004. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 116(3), 182–188.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., et al. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 354–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • First, M. B. (2002). DSM-IV and Psychiatric Epidemiology. In M. T. Tsuang & M. Tohen (Eds.), Textbook in Psychiatric Epidemiology (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. (1997). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, L. A., Dutton, M. A., & Harris, M. (1995). Episodically homeless women with serious mental illness: Prevalence of physical and sexual assault. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 65(4), 468–478.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, L. A., Rosenberg, S. D., Mueser, K. T., & Drake, R. E. (1997). Physical and sexual assault history in women with serious mental illness: Prevalence, correlates, treatment, and future research directions. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 23, 685–696.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grossman, L. S., Harrow, M., Rosen, C., & Faull, R. (2006). Sex differences in outcome and recovery for schizophrenia and other psychotic and non-psychotic disorders. Psychiatric Services, 57, 844–850.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hahn, H. (1987). Public policy and disabled infants: A sociological perspective. Issues in Law and Medicine, 3, 3–27.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hogan, M. F. (2003). New Freedom Commission Report: The President’s New Freedom Commission: Recommendations to transform mental health care in America. Psychiatric Services, 54, 1467–1474.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hopper, K. (2007). Rethinking social recovery in schizophrenia: What a capabilities approach might offer. Social Science & Medicine, 65(5), 868–879.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Horgan, C., Skwara, K. C., & Strickler, G. (2001). Substance abuse: The nation’s number one health problem: Indicators for policy. Princeton, NJ: The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyde, J. S., Mezulis, A. H., & Abramson, L. Y. (2008). The ABC’s of depression: Integrating affective, biological, and cognitive models to explain the emergence of the gender difference in depression. Psychological Review, 115(2), 291–313.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jans, L., & Stoddard, S. (1999). Chart book on women and disability in the United States. An InfoUse Report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, L. (2002). Evaluation and services for children of incarcerated parents with co-occurring disorders. In S. Davidson & H. Hills (Eds.), Series on Women with Mental Illness and Co-Occurring Disorders. Delmar, NY: National Gains Center.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawachi, I., Kennedy, B., & Lochner, K. (1997). Long live community: Social capital as public health. The American Prospect, 35, 56–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendler, K. S., Bulik, C. M., Silberg, J., Hettema, J. M., Myers, J., & Prescott, C. A. (2000). Childhood sexual abuse and adult psychiatric and substance abuse disorders in women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57, 953–959.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C. (2000). PTSD: The burden to the individual and to society. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 61, 4–12.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C. (2003). Epidemiology of women and depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 74, 5–13.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Colpe, L. J., Hiripi, E., Mroczek, D. K., Normand, S. L., et al. (2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine, 31, 959–976.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., & Walters, E. E. (2005a). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 593–602.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P. A., Foster, C. L., Saunders, W. B., Stang, P. E., & Walters, E. E. (1997). Social consequences of psychiatric disorders, II: Teenage parenthood. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(10), 1405–1411.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Birnbaum, H., Demler, O., Falloon, I. R. H., Gagnon, E., Guyer, M., et al. (2005b). The prevalence and correlates of nonaffective psychosis in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological Psychiatry, 58(8), 668–676.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Chiu, W. J., Demler, O., & Walters, E. E. (2005c). Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 617–627.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Foster, C. L., Saunders, W. B., & Stang, P. E. (1995a). Social consequences of psychiatric disorders, I: Educational attainment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152(7), 1026–1032.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Greenberg, P. E., Mickelson, K. D., Meneades, L. M., & Wang, P. S. (2001). The effects of chronic medical conditions on work loss and work cutback. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 43, 218–225.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Heeringa, S., Lakoma, M. D., Petukhova, M., Rupp, A. E., Schoenbaum, M., et al. (2008). Individual and societal effects of mental disorders on earnings in the United States: Results from the NCS-R. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165(6), 703–711.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., McGonagle, K. A., Zhao, S., Nelson, C. B., Hughs, M., Eshelman, S., et al. (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 8–19.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Ormel, J., Demler, O., & Stang, P. E. (2003). Comorbid mental disorders account for the role impairment of commonly occurring chronic physical disorders: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 45, 1257–1266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Sonnega, A., Bromet, E., Hughes, M., & Nelson, C. B. (1995b). Post traumatic stress disorder in the NCS. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 1048–1060.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., Walters, E. E., & Forthofer, M. S. (1998). The social consequences of psychiatric disorders, III: Probability of marital stability. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 1092–1096.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkbride, J. B., Fearon, P., Morgan, C., Dazzan, P., Morgan, K., Tarrant, J., et al. (2006). Heterogeneity in the incidence rates of schizophrenia and other psychotic syndromes: Findings from the 3-center AESOP study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 250–258.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klinkenberg, W. D., & Sacks, S. (2004). Mental disorders and drug abuse in persons living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Care, 16(Suppl. 1), 522–542.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koegel, P. (1987, January). Ethnographic perspectives on homeless and mentally ill homeless women. Paper presented at the Homeless and homeless mentally ill women: An ethnographic research colloquium. NIMH.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leeb, R. T., Paulozzi, L., Melanson, C., Simon, T., & Arias, I. (2008). Child maltreatment surveillance: Uniform definitions for public health and recommended data elements, version 1.0. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), National Center for Injury Prevention and Control.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lilienfeld, D. E., & Stolley, P. D. (Eds.). (1994). Foundations of Epidemiology (3rd ed., p. 3). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Link, B. G., & Phelan, J. (1995). Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Spec No., 80–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacIntyre, S., MacIver, S., & Sooman, A. (1993). Area, class and health: Should we be focusing on places or people? Journal of Social Policy, 22, 13–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mangrum, L. F., Spence, R. T., & Steinky-Bumgarner, M. D. (2006). Gender differences in substance abuse treatment clients with co-occurring psychiatric and substance-use disorders. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 6, 255–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGrath, J. J. (2005). Myths and plain truths about schizophrenia epidemiology: The NAPE lecture 2004. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 111(1), 4–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Merikangas, K. R., Ames, M., Cui, L., Stang, P. E., Ustun, T. B., Von Korff, M., et al. (2007). The impact of comorbidity of mental and physical conditions on role disability in the U.S. adult household population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 1180–1188.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michaud, C. M., Murray, C. J. L., & Bloom, B. R. (2001). Burden of disease – Implications for future research. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 285(5), 535–539.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, B. J., Paschall, B., & Svendsen, D. P. (2006). Mortality and medical comorbidity among patients with serious mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 57, 1482–1487.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, L. J., & Finnerty, M. (1996). Sexuality, pregnancy, and childrearing among women with schizophrenia – spectrum disorders. Psychiatric Services, 47(5), 502–506.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mitra, S. (2006). The capability approach and disability. Journal of Disability and Policy Studies, 16(4), 236–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Modell, J. (1989). Into one’s own: From youth to adulthood in the United States, 1920–1975. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moldin, S. O. (2000). Gender and schizophrenia: An overview. In E. Frank (Ed.), Gender and its effect on psychopathology (pp. 169–186). Washington, DC: American Association Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moscicki, E. K. (2001). Epidemiology of completed and attempted suicide: Toward a framework for prevention. Clinical Neuroscience Research, 1, 310–323.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moynihan, A., Forgey, M. A., & Harris, D. (2001). Symposium: Fordham interdisciplinary conference achieving justice: Parents and the child welfare system: Forward. Fordham Law Review, 70, 287–335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muenzenmaier, K., Meyer, I., Struening, E., & Ferber, J. (1993). Childhood abuse and neglect among women outpatients with chronic mental illness. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 44, 666–670.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mueser, K. T., Goodman, L. B., Trumbetta, S. L., Rosenberg, S. D., Osher, C., Vidaver, R., et al. (1998). Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in severe mental illness. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66(3), 493–499.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mueser, K. T., Rosenberg, S. D., Goodman, L. A., & Trumbetta, S. L. (2002). Trauma, PTSD, and the course of severe mental illness: An interactive model. Schizophrenia Research, 53(1–2), 123–143.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mueser, K. T., Yarnold, P. R., & Bellack, A. S. (1992). Diagnostic and demographic correlates of substance abuse in schizophrenia and major affective disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 85(1), 48–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muntaner, C., Eaton, W. W., Miech, R., & O’Campo, P. (2004). Socioeconomic position and major mental disorders. Epidemiologic Review, 26, 53–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, C. J. L., & Lopez, A. D. (1996). The global burden of disease and injury series, Vol. 1: A comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries, and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Harvard School of Public Health on behalf of the World Health Organization and World Bank, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Najavits, L. M. (2003). Seeking safety: A new psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder. In P. Ouimette & P. Brown (Eds.), Trauma and substance abuse: Causes, consequences, and treatment of comorbid disorders (pp. 147–170). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • National Center for Health Statistics. (2006). Women’s health tables. Retrieved 2007, from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hus/women.htm#deaths

  • National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASA). (2006). Women under the influence. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson, J., Sweeney, E. M., & Geller, J. L. (1998). Focus on women: Mothers with mental illness: I. The competing demands of parenting and living with mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 49, 635–642.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • North, C. S., & Smith, E. M. (1993). A comparison of homeless men and women: Different populations, different needs. Community Mental Health Journal, 29, 423–431.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • North, C. S., Nixon, S. J., Shariat, S., Mallonee, S., McMillen, J. C., Spitznagel, E. L., et al. (1999). Psychiatric disorders among survivors of the Oklahoma city bombing. Journal of the American Medical Association, 282, 755–762.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olesen, J., & Leonardi, M. (2003). The burden of brain diseases in Europe. European Journal of Neurology, 10, 471–447.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ouimette P., & Brown, P. (Eds.). (2002). Trauma and substance abuse: Causes, consequences, and treatment of comorbid disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parks, J., Svendsen, D., Singer, P., & Foti, M. E. (2006). Morbidity and mortality in people with serious mental illness. NASMHPD Medical Directors’ Council, 13th Technical Report, Alexandria, VA, p. 14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peat, M. (1998). Disability in the developing world. In M. A. McColl & J. E. Bickenbach (Eds.), Introduction to disability and handicap (pp. 43–53). Canada: WB Saunders.

    Google Scholar 

  • Regier, D. A., Kaelber, C. T., Rae, D. S., Farmer, M. E., Knauper, B., Kessler, R. C., et al. (1998). Limitations of diagnostic criteria and assessment instruments for mental disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 109–115.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rice, D. P., & Miller, L. S. (1996). The economic burden of schizophrenia: Conceptual and methodological issues and cost estimates. In M. Moscarelli, A. Rupp, & N. Sartorious (Eds.), Handbook of mental health economics and health policy: Vol. 1, schizophrenia (pp. 321–324). New York, NY: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, D. E. (1999). The challenge of substance abuse for family preservation policy. Journal of Health Care Law and Policy, 3, 72–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosen, D., Tolman, R. M., & Warner, L. A. (2004). Low-income women’s use of substance abuse and mental health services. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 15, 206–219.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • SAMHSA (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration). (2001). The DASIS report: How men and women enter substance abuse treatment (Office of Applied Studies). Retrieved June 8, 2008, from http://www.DrugAbuseStatistics.samhsa.gov

  • SAMHSA. (2003). Results from the 2002 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-22, DHHS Publication No. SMA 03-3836). Rockville, MD: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • SAMHSA. (2005a). Drug Abuse Warning Network, 2004: National Estimates of Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits (Office of Applied Studies, DAWN Series D-28, DHHS Publication No. SMA 06-4143). Rockville, MD: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • SAMHSA. (2005b). Overview of Findings from the 2004 NSDUH (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-27, DHHS Publication No. SMA 05-4061). Rockville, MD: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • SAMHSA. (2006). Results from the 2005 NSDUH: National Findings (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-30, DHHS Publication No. SMA 06-4194). Rockville, MD: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • SAMHSA. (2007). Results from the 2006 NSDUH: National Findings (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-32, DHHS Publication No. SMA 07-4293). Rockville, MD: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sen, A. (1999). Development as freedom. New York, NY: Anchor Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheehan, D. V., Harnett-Sheehan, K., & Raj, B. A. (1996). The measurement of disability. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 11(Suppl. 3), 89–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. M., North, C. S., & Spitznagel, E. L. (1993). Alcohol, drugs, and psychiatric comorbidity among homeless women: An epidemiologic study. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 54(3), 82–87.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stoskopf, C. H., Kim, Y. K., & Glover, S. H. (2001). Dual diagnosis: HIV and mental illness – a population-based study. Community Mental Health Journal, 37(6), 469–479.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Susser, M., & Watson, W. (1961). Sociology in medicine. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teplin, L. A., McClelland, G. M., Abram, K. M., & Weiner, D. A. (2005). Crime victimization in adults with severe mental illness. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 911–921.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thrasher, S. P., & Mowbray, C. T. (1995). A strengths perspective: An ethnographic study of homeless women with children. Health and Social Work, 20, 93–101.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, R. J., Lloyd, D. A., & Taylor, J. (2006). Physical disability and mental health: An epidemiology of psychiatric and substance abuse disorders. Rehabilitation Psychology, 51(3), 214–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ullman, S. E., Filipas, H. H., Townsend, S. M., & Starzynski, L. L. (2005). Trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder and problem drinking in sexual assault survivors. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 66(5), 610–619.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Public Health Service. (1999). The surgeon general’s call to action to prevent suicide. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ustun, T. B., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Chatterji, S., Mathers, C., & Murray, C. J. (2004). Global burden of depressive disorders in the year 2000. British Journal of Psychiatry, 184, 386–392.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Volkow, N. D. (2006, July 26). Testimony on prescription drug abuse before the house subcommittee on criminal justice, drug policy, and human resources. Retrieved June 20, 2008, from http://www.hhs.gov/asl/testify/t060726a.html

  • Wang, P. S., Berglund, P., Olfson, M., Pincus, H. A., Wells, K. B., & Kessler, R. C. (2005a). Failure and delay in initial treatment contact after first onset of mental disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 603–613.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, P. S., Lane, M., Olfson, M., Pincus, H. A., Wells, K. B., & Kessler, R. C. (2005b). Twelve-month use of mental health services in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 629–640.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ware, N. C., Hopper, K., Tugenberg, T., Dickey, B., & Fisher, D. (2007). Connectedness and citizenship: Redefining social integration. Psychiatric Services, 58(4), 469–474.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ware, N. C., Hopper, K., Tugenberg, T., Dickey, B., & Fisher, D. (2008). A theory of social integration as quality of life. Psychiatric Services, 59, 27–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ware, N. C., Tugenberg, T., Dickey, B., & McHorney, C. A. (1999). An ethnographic study of the meaning of continuity of care in mental health services. Psychiatric Services, 50, 395–400.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wenzel, S. L., Koegel, P., & Gelberg, L. (2000). Antecedents of physical and sexual victimization among homeless women: A comparison to homeless men. American Journal of Community Psychology, 28(3), 367–390.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, K. B., Strum, R., Sherbourne, C. D., & Meredith, L. S. (1996). Caring for depression. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Widom, C. S., DuMont, K., & Czaja, S. J. (2007). A prospective investigation of major depressive disorder and comorbidity in abused and neglected children grown up. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(1), 49–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (WHO). (1980). International classification of impairments, disabilities, and handicaps (Rev. ed.). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO. (2001). International classification of functioning, disability and health. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO. (2004). Changing History, Annex Table 3: Burden of disease in DALYs by cause, sex, and mortality stratum in WHO regions, estimates for 2002. The world health report 2004. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO. (2007). Depression. Retrieved May, 2008 from, http://www.who.int/mental_health/management/depression/definition/en/

  • Zilberman, M., Tavares, H., & el-Guebaly, N. (2003). Gender similarities and differences: The prevalence and course of alcohol- and other substance-related disorders. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 22(4), 61–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center to Study Recovery in Social Contexts Statistics and Services Research Division, Nathan Kline Institute, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, 10962, Orangeburg, NY, USA

    Mary Jane Alexander

Authors
  1. Mary Jane Alexander
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Caitlin McMahon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Florida Mental Health Institute, University of South Florida, Bruce B. Downs Blvd. 13301, Tampa, 33612, U.S.A.

    Bruce Lubotsky Levin

  2. Dept. Mental Health Law & Policy, University of South Florida, Bruce B. Downs Blvd. 13301, Tampa, 33612, U.S.A.

    Marion Ann Becker

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Alexander, M., McMahon, C. (2010). Mental Conditions in Adult Women: Epidemiology and Impact. In: Levin, B., Becker, M. (eds) A Public Health Perspective of Women's Mental Health. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1526-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1526-9_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1525-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-1526-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation