Abstract
E-transformation is a long-term challenge for all countries learning to master a new technoeconomic paradigm. It involves a profound change process that countries must undergo to both exploit the new opportunities arising from the ongoing technological revolution and cope with the imperatives of competing in an increasingly fast-paced, innovation-driven global economy. For developing countries, this challenge does not mean that all countries can or should become producer and exporters of ICT products and services. As shown in Chaps. 6 and 7, country prospects in participating in ICT production, as well as the impact of such participation on the rest of the economy, will vary. But all countries are challenged to become effective users of ICT, and they have to develop competencies in those segments of ICT production (services) most relevant to their ICT-user industries and business transformation strategies.
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- 1.
This isolation of three cultures is prevalent in many developing countries, including middle income countries like Brazil. See Rodriguez et al. (2008).
- 2.
The best examples of World Bank-aided projects have been those where ICT was intentionally used to induce broader institutional and policy changes and capacity development and where investments in skills, process reengineering, organizational learning and other complementary ingredients were phased and secured early on in ICT for development programs.
- 3.
For such leadership qualities, in general, see Zander and Zander (2000).
- 4.
Such as rapid prototyping.
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Hanna, N.K. (2010). Lessons and Conclusions. In: Enabling Enterprise Transformation. Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1508-5_10
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