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Tularemia and Bioterrorism

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Bioterrorism and Infectious Agents: A New Dilemma for the 21st Century

Part of the book series: Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century ((EIDC))

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Abstract

Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative, facultative aerobic coccobacillus and the etiologic agent of tularemia. Historically, it has been referred to as “rabbit fever,” “deer-fly fever,” and “market men's disease” (Penn, 2005). Tularemia in the United States is a seldom-diagnosed zoonosis that causes disease mostly in animals, occasionally infecting people who come into contact with the organism through a natural reservoir, a sick or dead animal, or are bitten by an arthropod vector. Previously occurring as sporadic epidemics, its incidence has decreased substantially since the 1950s (Penn, 2005). Although F. tularensis is one of the most infectious pathogens known, natural human cases of tularemia are uncommon and do not appear to confer a selective advantage in the larger context of the pathogen's evolutionary history.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA

    Lisa Hodges

  2. Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA

    Robert L. Penn

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  1. Lisa Hodges
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  2. Robert L. Penn
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  1. University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Room 4179W, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada

    I. W. Fong

  2. Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, George Mason Universuty National Center for Biodefense, 10900 University Blvd., Manassas, VA, 20110, MS 1A8, USA

    Kenneth Alibek

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Hodges, L., Penn, R.L. (2009). Tularemia and Bioterrorism. In: Fong, I.W., Alibek, K. (eds) Bioterrorism and Infectious Agents: A New Dilemma for the 21st Century. Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1266-4_3

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