Abstract
Campylobacter is the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis, worldwide. Since the first description of the disease in the 1970 s (Skirrow, 1977 the incidence of human campylobacteriosis in the UK, measured in terms of laboratory reports, has risen steadily, peaking at 57,674 reports in the year 2000; with 46,603 reports in 2006 (http://www.hpa.org.uk). Although generally self limiting, this disease has an important economic impact (Skirrow and Blaser, 1992). More serious complications, such as motor neurone paralysis, arise in 1–2 cases per 100,000 people in the UK and USA (Nachamkin et al., 1998). The disease also has an appreciable, yet less defined, impact in developing countries. Approximately 90% of human infection is caused by C. jejuni, with C. coli accounting for much of the rest (Gillespie et al., 2002).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adak G.K., Meakins S.M., Yip H., Lopman B.A., & O’Brien S.J. (2005). Disease risks from foods, England and Wales, 1996–2000. Emerg Infect Dis, (11), 365–372.
Cohan F.M. (2002). What are bacterial species? Annu Rev Microbiol, (56), 457–487.
Colles F.M., Jones K., Harding R.M., & Maiden M.C. (2003). Genetic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from farm animals and the farm environment. Appl Environ Microbiol, (69), 7409–7413.
Colles F.M., Jones T.A., McCarthy N.D., Sheppard S.K., Cody A.J., Dingle K.E., Dawkins M.S., & Maiden M.C. (2008). Campylobacter infection of broiler chickens in a free-range environment. Environ Microbiol, (10), 2042–2050.
Dingle K.E., Colles F.M., Falush D., & Maiden M.C. (2005). Sequence typing and comparison of population biology of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni. J Clin Microbiol, (43), 340–347.
Dingle K.E., McCarthy N.D., Cody A.J., Peto T.E., & Maiden M.C. (2008). Extended sequence typing of Campylobacter spp. Emerg Infect Dis, (14), 1620–1622.
Dingle K.E., Colles F.M., Ure R., Wagenaar J., Duim B., Bolton F.J., Fox A.J., Wareing D.R.A., & Maiden M.C.J. (2002). Molecular characterization of Campylobacter jejuni clones: a rational basis for epidemiological investigations. Emerg Infect Dis, (8), 949–955.
Dingle K.E., Colles F.M., Wareing D.R.A., Ure R., Fox A.J., Bolton F.J., Bootsma H.J., Willems R.J.L., Urwin R., & Maiden M.C.J. (2001). Multilocus sequence typing system for Campylobacter jejuni. J Clin Microbiol, (39), 14–23.
Duim B., Godschalk P.C., van den Braak N. et al. (2003). Molecular evidence for dissemination of unique Campylobacter jejuni clones in Curacao, Netherlands Antilles. J Clin Microbiol, (41), 5593–5597.
Eggleston A.K. & West S.C. (1997). Recombination initiation: easy as A, B, C, D... chi? Curr Biol (7), R745–R749.
El-Shibiny A., Connerton P.L., & Connerton I.F. (2005). Enumeration and diversity of campylobacters and bacteriophages isolated during the rearing cycles of free-range and organic chickens. Appl Environ Microbiol, (71), 1259–1266.
Falush D., Stephens M., & Pritchard J.K. (2003). Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: linked loci and correlated allele frequencies. Genetics, (164), 1567–1587.
Fraser C., Hanage W.P., & Spratt B.G. (2007). Recombination and the nature of bacterial speciation. Science, (315), 476–480.
French N., Barrigas M., Brown P., Ribiero P., Williams N., Leatherbarrow H., Birtles R., Bolton E., Fearnhead P., & Fox A. (2005). Spatial epidemiology and natural population structure of Campylobacter jejuni colonizing a farmland ecosystem. Environ Microbiol, (7), 1116–1126.
Gillespie I.A., O’Brien S.J., Frost J.A., Adak G.K., Horby P., Swan A.V., Painter M.J., Neal K.R., & Collaborators C.S.S.S. (2002). A case-case comparison of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni infection: a tool for generating hypotheses. Emerg Infect Dis, (8), 937–942.
Grant P.R. & Grant B.R. (1992). Hybridization of bird species. Science, (256), 193–197.
Gupta S. & Maiden M.C.J. (2001). Exploring the evolution of diversity in pathogen populations. Trends Microbiol, (9), 181–192.
Hanage W.P., Spratt B.G., Turner K.M., & Fraser C. (2006). Modelling bacterial speciation. Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond B Biol Sci (361), 2039–2044.
Holmes E.C., Urwin R., & Maiden M.C.J. (1999). The influence of recombination on the population structure and evolution of the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis. Mol Biol Evol, (16), 741–749.
Hopkins R.S., Olmsted R., & Istre G.R. (1984). Endemic Campylobacter jejuni infection in Colorado: identified risk factors. Am J Pub Health, (74), 249–250.
Humphrey T. (2006). Are happy chickens safer chickens? Poultry welfare and disease susceptibility. Br Poult Sci, (47), 379–391.
Humphrey T.J. (1989). An appraisal of the efficacy of pre-enrichment for the isolation of Campylobacter jejuni from water and food. J Appl Bacteriol, (66), 119–126.
Ketley J.M. (1997). Pathogenesis of enteric infection by Campylobacter. Microbiology, (143), 5–21.
Lawrence J.G. (2002). Gene transfer in bacteria: speciation without species? Theor Popul Biol, (61), 449–460.
Lindqvist R. & Lindblad M. (2008). Quantitative risk assessment of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. and cross-contamination during handling of raw broiler chickens evaluating strategies at the producer level to reduce human campylobacteriosis in Sweden. Int J Food Microbiol (121), 41–52.
Maiden M.C. (2006). Multilocus sequence typing of bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol, (60), 561–588.
Mallet J. (2007). Hybrid speciation. Nature, (446), 279–283.
Mickan L., Doyle R., Valcanis M., Dingle K.E., Unicomb L., & Lanser J. (2007). Multilocus sequence typing of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from New South Wales, Australia. J Appl Microbiol, (102), 144–152.
Nachamkin I., Allos B.M., & Ho T. (1998). Campylobacter species and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Clin Microbiol Rev, (11), 555–567.
Newell D.G. & Fearnley C. (2003). Sources of Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens. Appl Environ Microbiol, (69), 4343–4351.
Parkhill J., Wren B.W., Mungall K. et al. (2000). The genome sequence of the food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni reveals hypervariable sequences. Nature, (403), 665–668.
Peabody R., Ryan M.J., & Wall P.G. (1997). Outbreaks of Campylobacter infection: rare events for a common pathogen. CDR, (7), R33–R37.
Penner J.L., Hennessy J.N., & Congi R.V. (1983). Serotyping of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli on the basis of thermostable antigens. Eur J Clin Microbiol, (2), 378–383.
Sheppard S.K., McCarthy N.D., Falush D., & Maiden M.C. (2008). Convergence of Campylobacter species: implications for bacterial evolution. Science, (320), 237–239.
Skirrow M.B. (1977). Campylobacter enteritis: a “new” disease. BMJ, (2), 9–11.
Skirrow M.B. & Blaser M.J. (1992). Clinical and Epidemiological Considerations. Tompkins LS (Ed.), pp. 3–8. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
Sopwith W., Birtles A., Matthews M., Fox A., Gee S., Painter M., Regan M., Syed Q., & Bolton E. (2006). Campylobacter jejuni multilocus sequence types in humans, northwest England, 2003–2004. Emerg Infect Dis, (12), 1500–1507.
Wareing D.R., Ure R., Colles F.M., Bolton F.J., Fox A.J., Maiden M.C., & Dingle K.E. (2003). Reference isolates for the clonal complexes of Campylobacter jejuni. Lett Appl Microbiol, (36), 106–110.
Young K.T., Davis L.M., & Dirita V.J. (2007). Campylobacter jejuni: molecular biology and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Microbiol, (5), 665–679.
Zhu P., van der Ende A., Falush D. et al. (2001). Fit genotypes and escape variants of subgroup III Neisseria meningitidis during three pandemics of epidemic meningitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, (98), 5234–5239.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cody, A.J., Colles, F.M., Sheppard, S.K., Maiden, M.C. (2010). Where Does Campylobacter Come From? A Molecular Odyssey. In: Finn, A., Curtis, N., Pollard, A. (eds) Hot Topics in Infection and Immunity in Children VI. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 659. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0981-7_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0981-7_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-0980-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-0981-7
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)