Abstract
Gynecologic cancers constitute approximately 20% of visceral cancers in women and are divided into three major types: ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers. The majority of gynecologic cancers require surgical removal, along with adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The therapeutic option varies with the type and stage of cancer. Therefore, accurate staging is necessary for optimal treatment.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Soper JT. Radiographic imaging in gynecologic oncology. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2001;44:485–94.
Vardi J, Tadros G, Foemmel R, Shebes M. Plasma lipid-associated sialic acid and serum CA125 as indicators of disease status with ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol. 1989;73:379–83.
Gupta NC, Frank AR, Casey MJ. FDG PET imaging for post-treatment evaluation of patients with genitourinary malignancies. J Nucl Med. 1992;33:829.
Landis SH, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 1999;49:8–31.
Chou CY, Chang CH, Yao BL, et al. Color Doppler ultrasonography and serum CA125 in the differentiation of benign and malignant ovarian tumors. J Clin Ultrasound. 1994;22:491–6.
Grab D, Flock F, Stohr I, Nussele K. Classification of asymptomatic adnexal masses by ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. Gyncol Oncol. 2000;77:454–9.
Kawahara K, Yoshida Y, Kurokawa T, et al. Evaluation of positron emission tomography with tracer 18-fluorodeoxyglucose in addition to magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in selected women after ultrasonography. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2004;28:505–16.
Ju W, Kim SC. Discrepancy between magnetic resonance and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging in a case of borderline ovarian tumor. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2007;17:1031–3. Epub 2007 Mar 26.
Krag DN. Clinical utility of immunoscintigraphy in managing ovarian cancer. J Nucl Med. 1993;34:545–8.
Hubner KF, McDonald TW, Niethammer JG, et al. Assessment of primary and metastatic ovarian cancer by positron emission tomography using 2-[18F]deoxyglucose. Gynecol Oncol. 1993;51:197–204.
Zimny M, Schroder W, Wolters S, et al. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET in ovarian carcinoma: methodology and preliminary results. Nuklearmedizin. 1997;36:228–33.
Schroder W, Zimny M, Rudlowski C, et al. The role of 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Int J Cancer Oncol. 1999;9:117–22.
Romer W, Avril N, Dose J, et al. Metabolische Charakterisierung von Ovarialtumoren mit der Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie und F-18 Fluordeoxyglukose. Rofo. 1997;166:62–8.
Omura GA, Bradhy MF, Homesley HD, et al. Long-term follow-up and prognostic factor analysis in advanced ovarian carcinoma: the Gynecologic Oncologic Group experience. J Clin Oncol. 1991;9:1138–50.
Ozols RF. Chemotherapy of ovarian cancer. In: De Vita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, editors. Cancer: principles and practice of oncology, Updates, vol. 1. 2nd ed. Philidelphia: N.B. Lippincott; 1988. p. 1–12.
Bragg DG, Hricak H. Imaging in gynecologic malignancies. Cancer. 1993;71:1648–51.
Manuel M, Holschneider CH, Williams CM, et al. Correlation of FDG PET scans with surgicopathologic findings in ovarian cancers. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:29.
Delbeke D, Martin WH. Positron emission tomography imaging in oncology. Radiol Clin North Am. 2001;39:883–917.
Torizuka T, Nobezawa S, Kanno T, et al. Ovarian cancer recurrence: role of whole-body positron emission tomography using 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. Eur J Nucl Med. 2002;29:797–803.
Yen R-F, Sun S-S, Shen Y-Y, et al. Whole-body positron emission tomography with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose for the detection of recurrent ovarian cancer. Anticancer Res. 2001;21:3691–4.
Barter J, Barnes W. Second-look laparotomy. In: Rubin S, Sutton G, editors. Ovarian cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1993. p. 269–300.
Rose PG, Faulhaber P, Miraldi F, et al. Positron emission tomography for evaluating a complete clinical response in patients with ovarian or peritoneal carcinoma: correlation with second-look laparotomy. Gynecol Oncol. 2001;82:17–21.
Casey MJ, Gupta NC, Muths CK. Experience with positrom emission tomography (PET) scans in patients with ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 1994;53:331–8.
Zimny M, Siggelkow W, Schroder W, et al. 2-[Fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis od recurrent ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2001;83:310–5.
Chung J-K, Kang SB, Kim MH, et al. The role of 18F-FDG PET in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma as a substitute for second-look operation. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:282.
Nakamoto Y, Saga T, Ishimori T, et al. Clinical value of positron emission tomography with FDG for recurrent ovarian cancer. AJR AM J Roentgeol. 2001;176:1449–54.
Karlan BY, Hoh C, Tse N, et al. Whole-body positron emission tomography with (fluorine-18)-2-deoxyglucose can detect metastatic carcinoma of the fallopian tube. Gynecol Oncol. 1993;49:383–8.
Mangili G, Picchio M, Sironi S, Viganò R, Rabaiotti E, Bornaghi D, Bettinardi V, Crivellaro C, Messa C, Fazio F. Integrated PET/CT as a first-line re-staging modality in patients with suspected recurrence of ovarian cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2007;34:658–66. Epub 2006 Dec 20.
Chung HH, Kang WJ, Kim JW, Park NH, Song YS, Chung JK, Kang SB, Lee HP. Role of [18F]FDG PET/CT in the assessment of suspected recurrent ovarian cancer: correlation with clinical or histological findings. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2007;34:480–6. Epub 2006 Nov 7.
Simcock B, Neesham D, Quinn M, Drummond E, Milner A, Hicks RJ. The impact of PET/CT in the management of recurrent ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2006;103:271–6. Epub 2006 Apr 19.
Blodgett TM, Meltzer CC, Townsend DW, et al. PET/CT in restaging patients with ovarian carcinoma. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:310.
Nanni C, Rubello D, Farsad M, et al. (18)F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of recurrent ovarian cancer: a prospective study on forty-one patients. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2005;31:792–7.
GarcÃa-Velloso MJ, Jurado M, Ceamanos C, AramendÃa JM, Garrastachu MP, López-GarcÃa G, Richter JA. Diagnostic accuracy of FDG PET in the follow-up of platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2007;34:1396–405. Epub 2007 Feb 21.
Drieskens O, Stroobants S, Gysen M, et al. Positron emission tomography with FDG in the detection of peritoneal and retroperitoneal metastases of ovarian cancer. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2003;55:130–4.
Turlakow A, Yeung HW, Salmon AS, et al. Peritoneal carcinomatosis: role of (18)F-FDG PET. J Nucl Med. 2003;44:1407–12.
Baum RP, Przetak C. Evaluation of therapy response in breast and ovarian cancer patients by positron Âemission tomography (PET). Q J Nucl Med. 2001;45:257–68.
Smith GT, Hubner KF, McDonald T, et al. Cost analysis of FDG PET for managing patients with ovarian cancer. Clin Positron Imaging. 1999;2:63–70.
Smith GT, Hubner KF, McDonald T, et al. Avoiding second-look surgery and reducing costs in managing patients with ovarian cancer by applying F-18-FDG PET. Clin Positron Imaging. 1998;1:263.
Soussan M, Wartski M, Cherel P, Fourme E, Goupil A, Le Stanc E, Callet N, Alexandre J, Pecking AP, Alberini JL. Impact of FDG PET-CT imaging on the decision making in the biologic suspicion of ovarian carcinoma recurrence. Gynecol Oncol. 2008;108:160–5. Epub 2007 Oct 24.
Miraldi F, Vesselle H, Faulhaber PF, et al. Elimination of artifactual accumulation of FDG in PET imaging of colorectal cancer. Clin Nucl Med. 1998;23:3–7.
Lapela M, Leskinen-Kallio S, Varpula M, et al. Metabolic imaging of ovarian tumors with carbon-11-methioninre: a PET study. J Nucl Med. 1995;36:2196–220.
Jeong HJ, Chung J-K, Paeng JC, et al. Usefulness of 11C methionine PET in the pelvic region for evaluation of recurrent gynecologic cancer in postoperative state. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:283.
Hricak H, Yu KK. Raiology in invasive cervical Âcancer. AJR AM J Roentgeol. 1996;167:1101–8.
Eifel PJ, Berek JS, Thigpen JT. Cancer of the cervix, vagina, and vulva. In: De Vita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, editors. Cancer: principles and practice of oncology. 5th ed. Philidelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1433. p. 1478–997.
Morice P, Sabourin JC, Pautier P, et al. Isolated paraaortic node involvement in stage IB/II cervical carcinoma. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2000;21:123–5.
Sugawara Y, Eisbruch A, Kosuda S, et al. Escaluation of FDG PET in patients with cervical cancer. J Nucl Med. 1999;40:1125–31.
Grigsby PW, Siegel BA, Dehdashti F. Lymph node staging by positron emission tomography in patients with carcinoma of the cervix. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:3745–9.
Reinhardt MJ, Ehritt-Braun C, Vogelgesang D, et al. Metastatic lymph nodes in patients with cervical cancer: detection with MR imaging and FDG PET. Radiology. 2001;218:776–82.
Narayan K, Hicks RJ, Jobling T, et al. A comparison of MRI and PET scanning in surgically staged loco-regionally advanced cervical cancer: potential impact on treatment. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2001;11:263–71.
Williams AD, Cousins C, Soutter WP, et al. Detection of pelvic lymph node metastases in gynecologic malignancy: a comparison of CT, MR imaging, and positron emission tomography. AJR AM J Roentgeol. 2001;177:343–8.
Rose PG, Adler LP, Rodriguez M, et al. PET for evaluating paraaortic nodal metastasis in locally advanced cervical cancer before surgical staging: a surgicopathologic study. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:41–5.
Park DH, Kim KH, Park SY, et al. Diagnosis of recurrent uterine carvical cancer: computed tomography versus positron emission tomography. Korean J Radiol. 2000;1:51–5.
Sun SS, Chen TC, Yen RF, et al. Value of whole-body 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the evaluation of recurrent cervical cancer. Anticancer Res. 2001;21:2957–62.
Chung HH, Jo H, Kang WJ, Kim JW, Park NH, Song YS, Chung JK, Kang SB, Lee HP. Clinical impact of integrated PET/CT on the management of suspected cervical cancer recurrence. Gynecol Oncol. 2007;104:529–34. Epub 2006 Oct 16.
Nakamoto Y, Eisbruch A, Achtyes ED, et al. Prognostic value of positron emission tomography using F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose in patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Gynecol Oncol. 2002;84:289–95.
Pinkus E, Miller TR, Grisby PW. Improved prognostic value of FDG PET in patients with cervical cancer using a simple visual analysis of tumor characteristics. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:28.
Jang HJ, Lee KH, Kim YH, et al. The role of FDG PET for predicting prognosis in squamous cell type uterine cervical carcinoma patients. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:28.
Yasuda S, Ide M, Takagi S, Shohtsu A. Intrauterine accumulation of F-18 FDG during menstruation. Clin Nucl Med. 1997;22:793–4.
Nakahara T, Fujii H, Ide M, et al. F-18 FDG uptake in endometrial cancer. Clin Nucl Med. 2001;26:82–3.
Belhocine TZ, Bolle KS, Willems-Foidart J. Usefulness of 18F-FDG PET in the post-therapy surveillance of endometrial carcinoma. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:118–9.
Umesaki N, Tanada T, Miyama M, et al. Positron emission tomography 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose of uterine sarcoma: a comparison with magnetic resonance imaging and power doppler imaging. Gynecol Oncol. 2001;80:372–7.
Cohn DE, Dehdashti F, Gibb RK, et al. Prospective evaluation of positron emission tomography for the detection of groin node metastases from vulva cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2002;85:179.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kim, SK., Kim, S.E., Chung, JK., Kim, E.E. (2013). Gynecologic Cancers. In: Kim, E., Lee, MC., Inoue, T., Wong, WH. (eds) Clinical PET and PET/CT. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0802-5_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0802-5_26
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-0801-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-0802-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)