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Biophysics/ Engineering of Cortical Electrodes

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Visual Prosthetics

Abstract

This chapter provides a description of how microelectrodes are used to form an artificial interface to the cortex. Microelectrodes inserted into the cortex are called “intracortical electrodes” and are anticipated for use in cortical visual prostheses. Owing to the nature of the cortical environment, the design and use of these electrodes pose challenges for the clinical deployment of cortical prostheses. The combined effects of electrode charge injection and effects of the in vivo environment are discussed.

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Abbreviations

Ag|AgCl:

Silver–silver chloride

AIROF:

Activated iridium oxide film

C:

Capacitance

CSC:

Charge storage capacity

CSCA :

Anodic charge storage capacity

CSCC :

Cathodic charge storage capacity

CV:

Cyclic voltammetry

I:

Current

Ir:

Iridium

IR:

Infrared

PEDOT:

Polyethylenedioxythiophene

Pt:

Platinum

R:

Resistance

Redox:

Reduction-oxidation chemical reaction

SIROF:

Sputtered iridium oxide film

V:

Voltage

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 S. Dearborn, WH 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA

    Philip R. Troyk

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  1. Philip R. Troyk
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Correspondence to Philip R. Troyk .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Lions Vision Research & Rehabilitation C, Johns Hopkins University School of Medic, 550 N. Broadway, Baltimore, 21205-2020, Maryland, USA

    Gislin Dagnelie

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Troyk, P.R. (2011). Biophysics/ Engineering of Cortical Electrodes. In: Dagnelie, G. (eds) Visual Prosthetics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0754-7_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0754-7_11

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-0754-7

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