Skip to main content

Functional Abdominal Pain in Children

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Pediatric Chronic Pain

Abstract

Approximately 50 years ago, Apley and Naish described children who presented with repeated episodes of abdominal pain for at least 3 months without any identifiable cause under the term recurrent abdominal pain (Apley and Naish 1958). Later studies showed that this term was a “waste basket” encompassing functional and organic conditions. More recent symptom-based criteria, known as Rome criteria, exclusively define those gastrointestinal conditions thought to be of functional origin and without clinical evidence of anatomical or structural abnormalities. The third edition of the Rome criteria (Rasquin 2006), classifies pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in four different conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abu-Arafeh, I., & Russell, G. (1995). Prevalence and clinical features of abdominal migraine compared with those of migraine headache. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 72, 413–417.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anand, K. J., Runeson, B., & Jacobson, B. (2004). Gastric suction at birth associated with long-term risk for functional intestinal disorders in later life. Jornal de Pediatria, 144, 449–454.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andresen, V., Bach, D. R., Poellinger, A., Tsrouya, C., Stroh, A., Foerschler, A., Georgiewa, P., Zimmer, C., & Monnikes, H. (2005). Brain activation responses to subliminal or supraliminal rectal stimuli and to ­auditory stimuli in irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 17, 827–837.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Apley, J., & Naish, N. (1958). Recurrent abdominal pains: A field survey of 1,000 school children. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 33, 165–170.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bale, T. L., & Vale, W. W. (2004). CRF and CRF receptors: Role in stress responsivity and other behaviors. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 44, 525–557.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ball, T. M., & Weydert, J. A. (2003). Methodological challenges to treatment trials for recurrent abdominal pain in children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 157, 1121–1127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ball, T. M., Shapiro, D. E., Monheim, C. J., & Weydert, J. A. (2003). A pilot study of the use of guided imagery for the treatment of recurrent abdominal pain in children. Clinical Pediatrics (Philadelphia), 42, 527–532.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barbara, G., Vallance, B. A., & Collins, S. M. (1997). Persistent intestinal neuromuscular dysfunction after acute nematode infection in mice. Gastroenterology, 113, 1224–1232.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barbara, G., Stanghellini, V., De Giorgio, R., Cremon, C., Cottrell, G. S., Santini, D., Pasquinelli, G., Morselli-Labate, A. M., Grady, E. F., Bunnett, N. W., Collins, S. M., & Corinaldesi, R. (2004). Activated mast cells in proximity to colonic nerves correlate with abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology, 126, 693–702.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein, C. N., Frankenstein, U. N., Rawsthorne, P., Pitz, M., Summers, R., & McIntyre, M. C. (2002). Cortical mapping of visceral pain in patients with GI disorders using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 97, 319–327.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boey, C. C., & Goh, K. L. (2001). The significance of ­life-events as contributing factors in childhood recurrent abdominal pain in an urban community in Malaysia. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 51, 559–562.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bouin, M., Plourde, V., Boivin, M., Riberdy, M., Lupien, F., Laganiere, M., Verrier, P., & Poitras, P. (2002). Rectal distention testing in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of pain sensory thresholds. Gastroenterology, 122, 1771–1777.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bueno, L., Fioramonti, J., & Garcia-Villar, R. (2000). Pathobiology of visceral pain: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. III. Visceral afferent pathways: a source of new therapeutic targets for abdominal pain. American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 278, G670–G676.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bursch, B. (2008). Psychological/cognitive behavioral treatment of childhood functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 47, 706–707.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Campo, J. V., Di Lorenzo, C., Chiappetta, L., Bridge, J., Colborn, D. K., Gartner, J. C., Jr., Gaffney, P., Kocoshis, S., & Brent, D. (2001). Adult outcomes of pediatric recurrent abdominal pain: Do they just grow out of it? Pediatrics, 108, E1.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campo, J. V., Dahl, R. E., Williamson, D. E., Birmaher, B., Perel, J. M., & Ryan, N. D. (2004). Recurrent abdominal pain, anxiety, and depression in primary care. Pediatrics, 113, 817–824.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Castagliuolo, I., Lamont, J. T., Qiu, B., Fleming, S. M., Bhaskar, K. R., Nikulasson, S. T., Kornetsky, C., & Pothoulakis, C. (1996). Acute stress causes mucin release from rat colon: Role of corticotropin releasing factor and mast cells. The American Journal of Physiology, 271, G884–G892.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, S. M. (1992). Is the irritable gut an inflamed gut? Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology Supplement, 192, 102–105.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Delvaux, M. (2002). Role of visceral sensitivity in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome. Gut, 51, 67–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Di Lorenzo, C., Colletti, R. B., Lehmann, H. P., Boyle, J. T., Gerson, W. T., Hyams, J. S., Squires, R. H., Jr., Walker, L. S., & Kanda, P. T. (2005). Chronic abdominal pain in children: A technical report of the American academy of pediatrics and the North American society for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 40, 249–261.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drossman, D. A. (2006). The functional gastrointestinal disorders and the Rome III process. Gastroenterology, 130, 14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drossman, D. A., Whitehead, W. E., & Camilleri, M. (1997). Irritable bowel syndrome: A technical review for practice guideline development. Gastroenterology, 112, 2120–2137.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drouault-Holowacz, S., Bieuvelet, S., Burckel, A., Cazaubiel, M., Dray, X., & Marteau, P. (2008). A double blind randomized controlled trial of a probiotic combination in 100 patients with irritable bowel ­syndrome. Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique, 32, 147–152.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunlop, S. P., Jenkins, D., & Spiller, R. C. (2003). Distinctive clinical, psychological, and histological features of postinfective irritable bowel syndrome. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 98, 1578–1583.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Galatola, G., Grosso, M., Barlotta, A., Ferraris, R., Rovera, L., Ariano, M., Cottino, F., & De La Pierre, M. (1991). Diagnosis of bacterial contamination of the small intestine using the 1 g [14 C] xylose breath test in various gastrointestinal diseases. Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica, 37, 169–175.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garber, J., Walker, L. S., & Zeman, J. (1991). Somatization symptoms in a community sample of children and adolescents: Further validation of the children’s somatization inventory. Psychological Assessment, 3, 588–595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonsalkorale, W. M., Miller, V., Afzal, A., & Whorwell, P. J. (2003). Long term benefits of hypnotherapy for irritable bowel syndrome. Gut, 52, 1623–1629.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greco, L. A., Freeman, K. E., & Dufton, L. (2007). Overt and relational victimization among children with frequent abdominal pain: Links to social skills, academic functioning, and health service use. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32, 319–329.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guandalini, S., Chiaro, A., Labalestra, V., Gopalan, S., Romano, C., & Canani, R. B. (2008). Efficacy of the probiotic VSL#3 in children with irritable bowel ­syndrome: an international, randomized, placebo-­controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial. American Journal Gastroenterol, 103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gue, M., Del Rio-Lacheze, C., Eutamene, H., Theodorou, V., Fioramonti, J., & Bueno, L. (1997). Stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity to rectal distension in rats: role of CRF and mast cells. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 9, 271–279.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gwee, K. A., Leong, Y. L., Graham, C., McKendrick, M. W., Collins, S. M., Walters, S. J., Underwood, J. E., & Read, N. W. (1999). The role of psychological and biological factors in postinfective gut dysfunction. Gut, 44, 400–406.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gwee, K. A., Collins, S. M., Read, N. W., Rajnakova, A., Deng, Y., Graham, J. C., McKendrick, M. W., & Moochhala, S. M. (2003). Increased rectal mucosal expression of interleukin 1beta in recently acquired post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. Gut, 52, 523–526.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hawthorn, M., Ferrante, J., Luchowski, E., Rutledge, A., Wei, X. Y., & Triggle, D. J. (1988). The actions of peppermint oil and menthol on calcium channel dependent processes in intestinal, neuronal and ­cardiac preparations. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2, 101–118.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heyneman, N., Fremow, W., & Gano, D. (1990). Individual differences and effectiveness of different coping strategies for pain. Cognitive Therapy Research, 14, 63–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hyams, J. S., Burke, G., Davis, P. M., Rzepski, B., & Andrulonis, P. A. (1996). Abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in adolescents: A community-based study. Jornal de Pediatria, 129, 220–226.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Imaki, T., Nahan, J. L., Rivier, C., Sawchenko, P. E., & Vale, W. (1991). Differential regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor mRNA in rat brain regions by glucocorticoids and stress. The Journal of Neuroscience, 11, 585–599.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jarvis, L. J., Hogg, H., & Houghton, C. D. (1992). Topical peppermint oil for the relief of colonic spasm at barium enema. Clinical Radiology, 46, 435.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kehne, J., & De Lombaert, S. (2002). Non-peptidic CRF1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of anxiety, depression and stress disorders. Current Drug Targets. CNS and Neurological Disorders, 1, 467–493.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kellow, J. E., Eckersley, C. M., & Jones, M. P. (1991). Enhanced perception of physiological intestinal motility in the irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology, 101, 1621–1627.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khoshoo, V., Armstead, C., & Landry, L. (2006). Effect of a laxative with and without tegaserod in adolescents with constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 23, 191–196.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, H. J., Vazquez Roque, M. I., Camilleri, M., Stephens, D., Burton, D. D., Baxter, K., Thomforde, G., & Zinsmeister, A. R. (2005). A randomized controlled trial of a probiotic combination VSL# 3 and placebo in irritable bowel syndrome with bloating. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 17, 687–696.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kingham, J. G. (1995). Peppermint oil and colon spasm. Lancet, 346, 986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kline, R. M., Kline, J. J., Di Palma, J., & Barbero, G. J. (2001). Enteric-coated, pH-dependent peppermint oil capsules for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children. Jornal de Pediatria, 138, 125–128.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leicester, R. J., & Hunt, R. H. (1982). Peppermint oil to reduce colonic spasm during endoscopy. Lancet, 2, 989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liem, O., Mousa, H. M., Benninga, M. A., & Di Lorenzo, C. (2008). Tegaserod use in children: A single-center experience. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 46, 54–58.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, H. C. (2004). Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: A framework for understanding irritable bowel syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association, 292, 852–858.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacIver, R., Mears, C., Di Lorenzo, C., & Saps, M. (2007). Seasonal nurse consultations for abdominal pain in an adolescent population. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 45, E13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mertz, H., Morgan, V., Tanner, G., Pickens, D., Price, R., Shyr, Y., & Kessler, R. (2000). Regional cerebral ­activation in irritable bowel syndrome and control subjects with painful and nonpainful rectal distention. Gastroenterology, 118, 842–848.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naliboff, B. D., Derbyshire, S. W., Munakata, J., Berman, S., Mandelkern, M., Chang, L., & Mayer, E. A. (2001). Cerebral activation in patients with irritable bowel ­syndrome and control subjects during rectosigmoid stimulation. Psychosomatic Medicine, 63, 365–375.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neal, K. R., Hebden, J., & Spiller, R. (1997). Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms six months after bacterial gastroenteritis and risk factors for development of the irritable bowel syndrome: Postal survey of patients. British Medical Journal, 314, 779–782.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nobaek, S., Johansson, M. L., Molin, G., Ahrne, S., & Jeppsson, B. (2000). Alteration of intestinal microflora is associated with reduction in abdominal bloating and pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 95, 1231–1238.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nolon, H. W., & Friend, D. R. (1994). Mental B-D-glucuronide: A potential prodrug for treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome. Pharmaceutical Research, 2, 1707–1711.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Mahony, L., McCarthy, J., Kelly, P., Hurley, G., Luo, F., Chen, K., O’Sullivan, G. C., Kiely, B., Collins, J. K., Shanahan, F., & Quigley, E. M. (2005). Lactobacillus and bifidobacterium in irritable bowel syndrome: Symptom responses and relationship to cytokine profiles. Gastroenterology, 128, 541–551.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pavcovich, L. A., Yang, M., Miselis, R. R., & Valentino, R. J. (1998). Novel role for the pontine micturition center, Barrington’s nucleus: Evidence for coordination of colonic and forebrain activity. Brain Research, 784, 355–361.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pimentel, M., Park, S., Mirocha, J., Kane, S. V., & Kong, Y. (2006). The effect of a nonabsorbed oral antibiotic (rifaximin) on the symptoms of the irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized trial. Annals of Internal Medicine, 145, 557–563.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sadeghian, M., Farahmand, F., Fallahi, G. H., & Abbasi, A. (2008). Cyproheptadine for the treatment of functional abdominal pain in childhood: A double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial. Minerva Pediatrica, 60, 1367–1374.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saps, M., & Di Lorenzo, C. (2007). An epidemiological study of common GI symptoms in school-age children. Gastroenterology, 132, A-325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saps, M., Bolioli, P., Espana, M., Marshall, B. M., & Di Lorenzo, C. (2008a). Cost and consultation patterns of abdominal pain in Uruguayan children. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 46, 159–163.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saps, M., Seshadri, R., Sztainberg, M., Schaffer, G., Marshall, B. M., & Di Lorenzo, C. (2008b). A prospective school-based study of abdominal pain and other common somatic complaints in children. Jornal de Pediatria, 154, 322–326.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saps, M., Blank, C., Khan, S., Seshadri, R., Marshall, B., Bass, L., & Di Lorenzo, C. (2008c). Seasonal variation in the presentation of abdominal pain. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 46, 279–284.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saps, M., Pensabene, L., Di Martino, L., Staiano, A., Wechsler, J., Zheng, X., & Di Lorenzo, C. (2008d). Post-infectious functional gastrointestinal disorders in children. Jornal de Pediatria, 152, 812–816, 816 e1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saps, M., Youssef, N. N., Miranda, A., Nurko, S., Cocjin, J., & Di Lorenzo, C. (2008e). Evaluation of the ­efficacy of amitriptyline in children with abdominal pain of non organic origin. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, In Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saps, M., Youssef, N., Miranda, A., Nurko, S., Cocjin, J., & Di Lorenzo C. (2009). Multicenter, randomized, ­placebo-controlled trial of amitriptyline in children with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Gastroente-rology, 137, 1261–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • See, M. C., Birnbaum, A. H., Schechter, C. B., Goldenberg, M. M., & Benkov, K. J. (2001). Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of famotidine in children with abdominal pain and dyspepsia: Global and quantitative assessment. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 46, 985–992.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silverman, D. H., Munakata, J. A., Ennes, H., Mandelkern, M. A., Hoh, C. K., & Mayer, E. A. (1997). Regional cerebral activity in normal and pathological perception of visceral pain. Gastroenterology, 112, 64–72.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C., Nordstrom, E., Sengupta, J. N., & Miranda, A. (2007). Neonatal gastric suctioning results in chronic visceral and somatic hyperalgesia: Role of corticotropin releasing factor. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 19, 692–699.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sparks, M. J., O’Sullivan, P., Herrington, A. A., & Morcos, S. K. (1995). Does peppermint oil relieve spasm during barium enema? The British Journal of Radiology, 68, 841–843.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spiller, R. C., Jenkins, D., Thornley, J. P., Hebden, J. M., Wright, T., Skinner, M., & Neal, K. R. (2000). Increased rectal mucosal enteroendocrine cells, T lymphocytes, and increased gut permeability ­following acute Campylobacter enteritis and in ­post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome. Gut, 47, 804–811.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starfield, B., Katz, H., Gabriel, A., Livingston, G., Benson, P., Hankin, J., Horn, S., & Steinwachs, D. (1984). Morbidity in childhood – A longitudinal view. The New England Journal of Medicine, 310, 824–829.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tache, Y., Million, M., Nelson, A. G., Lamy, C., & Wang, L. (2005). Role of corticotropin-releasing ­factor pathways in stress-related alterations of colonic motor function and viscerosensibility in female rodents. Gender Medicine, 2, 146–154.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Talley, N. J. (1998). Irritable bowel syndrome: disease definition and symptom description. The European Journal of Surgery. Supplement, 1998, 24–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vlieger, A. M., Menko-Frankenhuis, C., Wolfkamp, S. C., Tromp, E., & Benninga, M. A. (2007). Hypnotherapy for children with functional abdominal pain or irritable bowel syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Gastroenterology, 133, 1430–1436.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L. S., Garber, J., & Greene, J. W. (1991). Somatization symptoms in pediatric abdominal pain patients: Relation to chronicity of abdominal pain and parent somatization. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 379–394.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L. S., Williams, S. E., Smith, C. A., Garber, J., Van Slyke, D. A., & Lipani, T. A. (2006a). Parent attention versus distraction: Impact on symptom complaints by children with and without chronic functional abdominal pain. Pain, 122, 43–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L. S., Smith, C. A., Garber, J., & Claar, R. L. (2006b). Appraisal and coping with daily stressors by pediatric patients with chronic abdominal pain. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32, 206–216.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westphal, J., Horning, M., & Leonhardt, K. (1996). Phytotherapy in functional upper abdominal complaints. Phytomedicine, 2, 285–291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weydert, J. A., Shapiro, D. E., Acra, S. A., Monheim, C. J., Chambers, A. S., & Ball, T. M. (2006). Evaluation of guided imagery as treatment for recurrent abdominal pain in children: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatrics, 6, 29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wojczynski, M. K., North, K. E., Pedersen, N. L., & Sullivan, P. F. (2007). Irritable bowel syndrome: A co-twin control analysis. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 102, 2220–2229.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yokotani, K., Murakami, Y., Okada, S., & Hirata, M. (2001). Role of brain arachidonic acid cascade on central CRF1 receptor-mediated activation of sympatho-adrenomedullary outflow in rats. European Journal of Pharmacology, 419, 183–189.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Youssef, N. N., Rosh, J. R., Loughran, M., Schuckalo, S. G., Cotter, A. N., Verga, B. G., & Mones, R. L. (2004). Treatment of functional abdominal pain in childhood with cognitive behavioral strategies. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 39, 192–196.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Miguel Saps .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Saps, M., Dhroove, G. (2011). Functional Abdominal Pain in Children. In: McClain, B., Suresh, S. (eds) Handbook of Pediatric Chronic Pain. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0350-1_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0350-1_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-0349-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-0350-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics