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Dorsal Horn Substance P and NK1 Receptors: Study of a Model System in Spinal Nociceptive Processing

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Synaptic Plasticity in Pain

Abstract

Small unmyelinated fibers are the primary afferents by which input initiated by high intensity thermal and mechanical stimuli or by chemical products generated secondary to tissue injury, is communicated to the spinal cord. Events which increase small afferent terminal excitability and neurotransmitter release enhance the nociceptive message, while events which diminish small afferent terminal excitability/release diminish the magnitude of the post-synaptic depolarization and attenuate the pain message. The regulation of the activity of small afferent terminals which contain and release SP at the spinal level can be reasonably interpreted as representing effects (direct or indirect) on this family of peptidergic C-fiber terminals. Thus, SP release provides a well-defined model system for characterizing modulatory components involved in the in vivo regulation of pain behavior at this critical first order link.

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Abbreviations

AMPA:

α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid

BDNF:

brain-derived neurotrophic factor

CGRP:

calcitonin gene-related peptide

COX:

cyclooxygenase

GPCR:

G protein-coupled receptors

LDCV:

large dense core vesicles

MAPK:

mitogen-activated protein kinase

NGF:

nerve growth factor

NK1:

neurokinin 1

NKA:

neurokinin A

NKB:

neurokinin B

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartate

NPY:

neuropeptide Y

PGE2 :

prostaglandin E2

PLA2 :

phosphlipase A2

PLC:

phospholipase C

PKA:

protein kinase A

PKC:

protein kinase C

PPT-A:

preprotachykinin A

PPT-B:

preprotachykinin B

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SP:

substance P

TRP:

transient receptor potential receptor

TRPV1:

transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptors

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Bethany Fitzsimmons for the artwork and Dr. Linda Sorkin for reading the manuscript. This work was supported by NIH Grant NS 16541 and DA02110.

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  1. Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0818, USA

    Xiao-Ying Hua & Tony L. Yaksh

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  1. Xiao-Ying Hua
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Correspondence to Xiao-Ying Hua .

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    Hua, XY., Yaksh, T.L. (2009). Dorsal Horn Substance P and NK1 Receptors: Study of a Model System in Spinal Nociceptive Processing. In: Malcangio, M. (eds) Synaptic Plasticity in Pain. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0226-9_6

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