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Nonrespiratory Functions of the Lung

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Principles and Practice of Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery

Abstract

Pulmonary endothelial cells metabolize endogenous ­substances and xenobiotics via ecto-enzymes on their luminal surface and caveolae or enzyme systems within their cytosol. Pulmonary metabolism results in the activation of several endogenous substances and some medications of importance to the anesthesiologist. Pulmonary uptake is often not associated with metabolism, but still markedly affects pharmacokinetics by initially attenuating peak concentrations and then returning unchanged substance to the circulation. The lung’s ability to serve as a vascular reservoir is directly related to the capacitance of the pulmonary vessels. The lung serves as a physical filter but this function may be compromised with high cardiac output and in several disease states. The respiratory epithelium’s functions include humidification and trapping of particles and pathogens. The airway surface film has antimicrobial capacity beyond its mechanical removal of debris from the airway.

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  1. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    Lauren Yeazell MD & Keith Littlewood MD

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  1. Lauren Yeazell MD
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  1. University of Toronto, Staff Anesthesiologist, Professor of Anesthesia, Toronto, M5G 2C4, Ontario, Canada

    Peter Slinger, MD, FRCPC

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Yeazell, L., Littlewood, K. (2011). Nonrespiratory Functions of the Lung. In: Slinger, MD, FRCPC, P. (eds) Principles and Practice of Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0184-2_7

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