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Auditory Cortical Organization: Evidence for Functional Streams

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The Auditory Cortex

Abstract

Understanding auditory cortex functional organization lags far behind the current understanding of visual cortex. One reason may be that auditory research has traditionally taken a bottom-up approach dealing first with cochlear and brain stem mechanisms of auditory coding. However, to understand how complex sounds are processed, stored, and recognized, we must understand how auditory cortex functions. In the cortex, the primary auditory cortex (AI) has long received the most attention. Physiological and anatomical studies in cats and monkeys find that multiple auditory areas surround AI, just as multiple representations of the visual world surround primary visual cortex (VI). It is reasonable to propose that these multiple fields support unique specialized functions in the complex behavioral repertoire of higher mammals.

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Abbreviations

AI:

primary auditory cortex

AL:

anterior region of the lateral belt

BBW:

best bandwidth

BPN:

band pass noise

CL:

caudolateral area

CM:

caudal medial area

CPB:

caudal parabelt region

DLPFC:

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

FM:

frequency modulation

fMRI:

functional magnetic resonance imaging

Ig:

granular insula

L:

lateral region

LB:

lateral belt

Lim:

limitans

MB:

medial belt

MC:

monkey call

MCPI:

monkey call preference index

MGad:

anterodorsal division of the medial geniculate complex

MGC:

medial geniculate complex

MGd:

dorsal division of the medial geniculate complex

MGm:

magnocellular division of the medial geniculate complex

MGpd:

dorsoposterior division of the medial geniculate complex

MGv:

ventral division of the medial geniculate complex

ML:

mediolateral area

PET:

positron emission tomography

PFC:

prefrontal cortex

PM:

medial pulvinar

Po:

posterior nucleus of the multisensory thalamic complex

R:

rostral field

Ri:

retroinsular cortex

RM:

rostromedial belt region

RPB:

rostral parabelt region

RT:

rostral temporal field

RTL:

lateral rostrotemporal belt region

RTM:

medial rostrotemporal belt region

Sg:

suprageniculate

STG:

superior temporal gyrus

STP:

superior temporal plane

STS:

superior temporal sulcus

TAa:

anterior temporal area

TE:

inferior temporal lobe region

TEO:

inferior temporal lobe region

TPO:

temporal polysensory area

Tpt:

temporo-parietal area

TS1,2:

rostral areas of the superior temporal gyrus

VI:

primary visual cortex

VLPFC:

ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007-2197, USA

    Josef P. Rauschecker

  2. Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA

    Lizabeth M. Romanski

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  1. Josef P. Rauschecker
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  2. Lizabeth M. Romanski
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Correspondence to Josef P. Rauschecker .

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  1. Dept. Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720-3200, California, USA

    Jeffery A. Winer

  2. WM Keck Foundation Center for, Integrative Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0732, Room HSE 824, San Francisco, 94143-0732, California, USA

    Christoph E. Schreiner

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Rauschecker, J.P., Romanski, L.M. (2011). Auditory Cortical Organization: Evidence for Functional Streams. In: Winer, J., Schreiner, C. (eds) The Auditory Cortex. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0074-6_4

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