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Ecdysone: Structures and Functions pp 283–315Cite as

Diversity in Factors Regulating Ecdysteroidogenesis in Insects

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Abstract Ecdysteroid synthesis in insects was long considered as an exclusive feature of the ecdysial glands in larvae, and control of molting and metamorphosis was long thought to be the only function of ecdysteroids. The ‘classical dogma’ (Delbecque et al., 1990) of insect endocrinology states that ecdysteroids are produced by the prothoracic glands (PGs) (or analogs: ventral glands and ring glands), which are under control of the neuroprotein prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) secreted by the insect brain. However, extensive research during the last decades revealed that ecdysteroid synthesis can be performed by several other tissues besides the PGs, and is not solely restricted to larvae. Moreover, other factors besides PTTH have been shown to control ecdysteroid biosynthesis as well. It is now well established that in adult females, the ovaries are the primary source of ecdysteroids, where they play a role in several aspects of reproduction and are incorporated into the eggs for future embryonic development. In males, it has been demonstrated for some insect species that both immature testes in late larval stages and adult testes are capable of producing ecdysteroids. However, in comparison with ovarian ecdysteroidogenesis, not much attention has been paid to research on testicular ecdysteroidogenesis, and the biological role of testicular ecdysteroids remains far less clear. In addition, oenocytes and epidermis have been proposed as alternative sites for ecdysteroid production (reviewed by Delbecque et al., 1990). Ecdysteroidogenesis in insects and multifactorial regulation of ecdysteroidogenesis thus seems far more complex than was initially stated by the classical dogma.

In this chapter, we aim to present an as complete and up-to-date as possible overview of the variety of factors involved in ecdysteroidogenesis, performed by a variety of tissues. Factors are discussed per developmental stage (juvenile/adult) and per ecdysiosynthetic tissue.

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    Liesbeth Badisco, Elisabeth Marchal & Jozef Vanden Broeck

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Van de Velde, S., Badisco, L., Marchal, E., Broeck, J.V., Smagghe, G. (2009). Diversity in Factors Regulating Ecdysteroidogenesis in Insects. In: Smagghe, G. (eds) Ecdysone: Structures and Functions. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9112-4_11

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