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Mass Rearing of Egg Parasitoids for Biological Control Programs

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Egg Parasitoids in Agroecosystems with Emphasis on Trichogramma

Part of the book series: Progress in Biological Control ((PIBC,volume 9))

Abstract

Among the egg parasitoids families of Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae is by far the most produced in large scale worldwide. Species of Trichogrammatidae are used in more than 30 countries for the biocontrol of over 20 host-pests in crops such as corn, cotton, sugarcane, fruit trees, vegetables, forests, among others. Over 16 million ha receive parasitoid inundative releases, mostly represented by the egg parasitoid Trichogramma. It is very difficult to precisely estimate the correct size of the area in which egg parasitoids are released, as there is a continuous increase in the number of countries in which biofactories are being established for the mass production and release of egg parasitoids, as those in Latin America. This chapter deals with the mass rearing of egg parasitoids, emphasizing the rearing of Trichogramma spp. in Brazil, where the release area of parasitoids is increasing, especially for the control of the sugarcane borer. In this chapter are discussed concepts of mass rearing, background on the use of Trichogramma and rearing techniques for the host and natural enemies, and the constraints in the mass rearing, including the forecasting production.

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Acknowledgments

To Dr. Norman C. Leppla, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, U.S.A., for the critical reading of the chapter.

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  1. Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, ESALQ/USP, Av. Pádua Dias 11, 13418-900, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil

    José Roberto Postali Parra

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  1. Depto. Entomologia, Fitopatologia e, Zoologia Agrícola, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, 13418-900, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fernando L. Consoli

  2. ESALQ, Depto. Entomologia, Fitopatologia e, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil

    José R. P. Parra

  3. Depto. Entomologia, Fitopatologia e, Zoologia Agrícola, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, 13418-900, São Paulo, Brazil

    Roberto A. Zucchi

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© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

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Parra, J.R.P. (2009). Mass Rearing of Egg Parasitoids for Biological Control Programs. In: Consoli, F., Parra, J., Zucchi, R. (eds) Egg Parasitoids in Agroecosystems with Emphasis on Trichogramma . Progress in Biological Control, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9110-0_10

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