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Defect Chemistry of Sensor Materials

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Sensors for Environment, Health and Security

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Abstract

Nernst-type chemical gas sensors comprise a reference electrode, a sensing electrode, and a functional solid electrolyte, which determines the high selectivity of this type of sensor. Taguchi-type chemical gas sensors have as the active material a mixed ionic-electronic conductor (MIEC) with two metallic electrodes, and this type of sensor exhibits a high sensitivity, but a poor selectivity. In order to optimize the electrical properties of the functional materials, usually doping is applied. Dopants will influence the defect chemistry of these materials by introducing ionic and/or electronic defects. After an introduction of intrinsic and extrinsic disorder and the Kröger-Vink defect notation, the defect chemistry of selected chemical gas sensor materials is presented in detail. In addition, electrodes for the electrochemical determination of organic pollutants in aqueous environments are presented.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, P-ta Victoriei, nr.2, 300006, Timisoara, Romania

    Florica Manea

  2. Chemistry Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 50, Iuliu Maniu str., Brasov, Romania

    Dana Perniu

  3. Delft University of Technology, 2628 BL, Delft, The Netherlands

    Joop Schoonman

Authors
  1. Florica Manea
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  2. Dana Perniu
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  3. Joop Schoonman
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sciences, University of Limoges & CNRS, Limoges, France

    Marie-Isabelle Baraton

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Manea, F., Perniu, D., Schoonman, J. (2009). Defect Chemistry of Sensor Materials. In: Baraton, MI. (eds) Sensors for Environment, Health and Security. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9009-7_7

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