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Metabolism of Inorganic Sulfur Compounds in Purple Bacteria

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The Purple Phototrophic Bacteria

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 28))

Summary

This chapter focuses on dissimilatory and assimilatory metabolism of inorganic sulfur compounds by the bacteriochlorophyll-containing purple bacteria. Many anoxygenic phototrophic purple bacteria use inorganic sulfur compounds (e.g., sulfide, elemental sulfur, polysulfides, thiosulfate, or sulfide) as electron donors for reductive carbon dioxide fixation during photolithoautotrophic growth. With regard to their sulfur metabolism, purple bacteria are characterized by a great variability of sulfur substrates used and pathways employed. We will therefore first give an overview about the sulfur oxidation capabilities of the various groups of purple bacteria. Comparison of genome sequence data provides additional insight into the sulfur oxidation pathways. Special attention is given to current knowledge on the biochemical details of the metabolic pathways employed. A variety of enzymes catalyzing sulfur oxidation reactions have been isolated from purple bacteria, and Allochromatium vinosum, a representative of the Chromatiaceae, has been especially well characterized also on a molecular genetic level. Comparative genomics in combination with older biochemical data results in a clear picture of sulfate assimilation and the enzymes involved in purple bacteria.

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Abbreviations

Acd. :

Acidiphilium

Alc. :

Allochromatium

APS:

adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate

DMSP:

dimethylsulfoniopropionate

E. :

Escherichia

EC:

extracellular

Ect. :

Ectothiorhodospira

Ers. :

Ectothiorhodosinus

FccAR:

flavocytochrome c

Hlr. :

Halorhodospira

IC:

intracellular

Pcs. :

Paracoccus

Rba. :

Rhodobacter

Rdv. :

Rhodovulum

Rps. :

Rhodopseudomonas

Rsp. :

Rhodospirillum

SQR:

sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase

Tca. :

Thiocapsa

Trs. :

Thiorhodospira

U:

unknown

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  1. Institut für Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, D-53115, Bonn, Germany

    Johannes Sander & Christiane Dahl

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  2. University of Pennsylvania, USA

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  3. Argonne National Laboratory, USA

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  4. University of British Columbia, Canada

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Sander, J., Dahl, C. (2009). Metabolism of Inorganic Sulfur Compounds in Purple Bacteria. In: Hunter, C.N., Daldal, F., Thurnauer, M.C., Beatty, J.T. (eds) The Purple Phototrophic Bacteria. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 28. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8815-5_30

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