This paper shows that expert architects can effectively develop ideas without sketching during early conceptual designing. We analyzed design protocols of six expert architects working on two different design problems under two different conditions, one in which they were blindfolded and one in which they were sketching. Architects developed design ideas efficiently when they were blind folded, as opposed to the common view that they would better develop ideas with sketching.
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Bilda, Z., Gero, J.S. (2008). Idea Development Can Occur Using Imagery Only. In: Gero, J.S., Goel, A.K. (eds) Design Computing and Cognition '08. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8728-8_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8728-8_16
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