Introduction

The world’s population increase in the last 50 years has affected water resources in several aspects. More water is now needed and therefore more wastewater is produced and discharged to other water bodies of the planet. These two aspects made water a limited and strategic natural resource in terms of its quality and quantity. It is then easy to conclude that water, like all the limited and vulnerable resources, has become one of the potential targets for sustainable development and use. Water use and water pollution, in consequence, are complex and emerging 21st century threats and hazards. They demand a unified and coordinated approach to domestic and international water resources management. Every country should establish a national strategy for homeland security and management of domestic water resources with clear objectives for a concerted national effort to reduce threats and manage incident response of any hazard, manmade or natural.