Abstract
Potential insect vectors of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (PWN) were studied. Pathways of introduction of PWN from Portugal to Europe, through Spain, were determined and traps were located in pine stands sites along the pathways. 19 Cerambycidae, 12 Scolytidae, 12 Buprestidae and 10 Curculionidae species have been found. Trapped insects were examined for the presence of nematodes under their elytra. Nematodes were found on Arhopalus ferus, Spondylis buprestoides, Hylastes ater, Hylurgus lingniperda, Orthotomicus erosus, Pityogenes bidentatus, Tomicus piniperda, Hylobius abietis and Pissodes validirrostris specimens. Monochamus galloprovincialis was the most important insect species, representing a risk for the introduction of the PWN in Spanish pine forests; Cerambycidae and Curculionidae species, were taken into account because they have been reported as vectors of other Bursaphelenchus spp.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abelleira, A., Escuer, M., Arias, M. and Mansilla, J.P. (2003). The genus Bursaphelenchus Fuchs (Nematoda: Aphelenchida) in North-west Spain. Nematology 5: 677–685.
Ambrogioni, L., Cerchiarini, G., Irdani, T. and Tossani, N. (1994). Preliminary data on the spread of Bursaphelenchus spp. in pine woods in Italy. Redia 77: 273–278.
Arias, M., Escuer, M. and Bello, A. (2004). Nematodos asociados a madera y Árboles de coníferas en pinares españoles. Boletín Sanidad Vegetal Plagas 30: 581–593.
Arias, M., Robertson, L., García-Álvarez, A., Arcos, S.C., Escuer, M., Sanz, R. and Mansilla, J.P. (2005). Bursaphelenchus fungivorus Franklin and Hooper 1962 (Nematoda: Aphelenchida) associated with Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston, 1857) (Coleoptera: Scolitydae) in Spain. Forest Pathology 35: 375–383.
Braasch, H., Caroppo, S., Ambrogioni, L., Michalopoulos, H., Skartmousos, G.C. and Tomiczek, H. (1999). Pathogenicity of various Bursaphelenchus species and implications to European forest. In Sustainability of pine forest in relation to pine wilt and decline. Proceedings of the Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, 26–30 October 1998 (eds. K. Futai, K. Togasmi and I.T. Shokado), pp. 7–22. Shokado Shoten, Kyoto, Japan.
Braasch, H., Metge, K. and Burgermeister, W. (1999). Bursaphelenchus species in conifer woods in Germany and their ITS-RFLP patterns. Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschuthzdienstes 51: 312–320.
Browne, F.G. (1986). Pests & diseases of forest plantation trees. An anoted list of the principal species occurring in the British Commonwealth. Clarenton Press. London, 1330 pp.
CABBI-EPPO (2003). Data sheets on quarantine pests: Ips sexdentatus. CABBI and EPPO for the EU under Contract 90/399003, 3 pp.
Caroppo, S., Ambrogioni, L., Cavalli, M. and Coniglio, D. (1998). Occurrence of the pine wood nematodes, Bursaphelenchus spp., and their possible vectors in Italy. Nematologia Mediterranea 26: 87–92.
Caroppo, S., Cavalli, M., Coniglio, D. and Ambrogioni, L. (2000). Pathogenicity studies with various Bursaphelenchus populations on conifer seedlings under controlled and open air conditions. Redia 83: 61–75.
Cobos, J.M. (1986). Fauna Ibérica de Coleópteros Buprestidae, CSIC. Madrid, 364 pp.
de Liñán, C. (1998). Entomología Agroforestal. Ediciones Agrotécnicas. Madrid, 1309 pp.
Escuer, M., Arias, M. and Bello, A. (2003a). The genus Bursaphelenchus (Nematoda) in Spain. In The pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Nematology monographs and perspectives, vol. 1 (eds. M. Mota and P. Vieira), pp. 93–99. E.J.Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Escuer, M., Arias, M. and Bello, A. (2003b). Occurrence of the genus Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (Nematoda: Aphelenchida) in the Spanish conifer forests. Nematology 6: 155–156.
EU (2004). Consolidated TEXT produced by the CONSLEG system of the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. CONSLEG: 2000L0029, 37 pp.
Evans, H.F., McNamara, D.G., Braasch, H., Chadoeuf, J. and Magnuson, C. (1996). Pest risk analysis (PRA) for the territories of the European Union (as PRA area) on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its vectors in the genus Monochamus. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO 26: 199–249.
Gil SÁnchez, L.A. and Pajares Alonso, J.A. (1986). Los escolítidos de las coníferas en la Península Ibérica. Monografias INIA, 53, Madrid, 194 pp.
Grüne, S. (1979). Brief illustrated key to European bark beetles. Verlag M. & H. Schaper. Hannover, 182 pp.
Kobayashi, F., Yamane, A. and Ikeda, T. (1984). The Japanese pine sawyer beetle as a vector of pine wilt disease. Annual Review of Entomology 29: 115–135.
Kondo, E., Foudin, A., Linit, M., Smith, M., Bolla, R., Winter, R. and Dropkin, V. (1982). Pine wilt disease – nematological, entomological and biochemical investigations. Columbia, Missouri, USA; Agricultural Experiment Station, Missouri University, 56 pp.
Linit, M.J. (1988). Nematode-vector relationships in the pine wilt disease system. Journal of Nematology 20: 227–235.
Linit, M.J., Kondo, E. and Smith, M.T. (1983). Insect associated with the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in Missouri. Environmental Entomology 12: 467–470.
Magnuson, C. and Schroeder, L.M. (1989). First record of a Bursaphelenchus species in Monochamus beetles in Scandinavia. Anzeiger für Schödlingskkunde, Pflanzenschutz und Umweltschutz 62: 53–54.
Mamiya, Y. (1999). Review on the pathogenicity of Bursaphelenchus mucronatus. In Sustainability of pine forest in relation to pine wilt and decline. Proceedings of the Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, 26–30 October 1998 (eds. K. Futai, K. Togasmi and I.T. Shokado), pp. 47–51. Shokado Shoten, Kyoto, Japan.
Mamiya, Y. and Endo, N. (1972). Transmission of Bursaphelenchis lignicolus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) by Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Nematologica 18: 159–162.
MAPA (2001). Anuario de estadística agroalimentaria 2000. Ministerio de Agricultura Pesca y Alimentación, 691 pp.
Mota, M.M., Braasch, H., Bravo, M.A., Penas, A.C., Burgermeister, W., Metge, K. and Sousa, E. (1999). First report of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Portugal and in Europe. Nematology 1: 727–734.
Palmisano, A., Ambrogioni, L. and Caroppo, S. (1998) Bursaphelenchus mucronatus on Pinus pinaster in Italy. Redia 75: 517–527.
Penas, A.C., Bravo, M.A., Naves, P., BonifÁcio, L., Sousa, E. and Mota, M.M. (2006). Species of Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) and other nematode genera associated with insects from Pinus Pinaster in Portugal. Annals of Applied Biology 148: 121–131.
Philis, J. (1996). An outlook on the association of Bursaphelenchus leoni with wilting pines in Cyprus. Nematologia Mediterranea 24: 221–225.
Skarmoutsos, G. and Skarmoutsos, H. (1999). First record of Bursaphelenchus nematodes from pine forest in Greece. Plant Disease 83: 879.
Skarmoutsos, H., Skarmoutsos, G. and Michalopoulos-Skarmoutsos, H. (2000). Pathogenicity of Bursaphelenchus sexdentati, Bursaphelenchus leoni and Bursaphelenchus hellenicus on European pine seddlings. Forest Pathology 30: 149–156.
Sousa, E., Bravo, M.A., Pires, J., Naves, P., Penas, A.C., Bonifacio, L. and Mota, M. (2001). Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) associated with Monochamus galloprovincialis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Portugal. Nematology 3: 89–91.
Sousa, E., Naves, P., BonifÁcio, L., Bravo, M.A., Penas, A.C. and Serrão, M. (2002) Preliminary survey for insects associated with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Portugal. OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 32: 499–502.
Tomminen, J., Nuorteva, M., Pulkkinen, M. and Vakeva, J. (1989). Ocurrence of the nematode Bursaphelenchus mucronatus in Finland. Silva Fennica 23: 271–277.
Verdugo PÁez, A. (2004). Monografías de la socieda Andaluza de Entomología (SAE). 1. Cerambicidae de Andalucía. Diputación de Córdoba, 152 pp.
Vives, E. (2000). Fauna Ibérica. 12 Coleoptera Cerambycidae. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC. Madrid, 715 pp.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Robertson, L. et al. (2008). Potential Insect Vectors of Bursaphelenchus spp. (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) in Spanish Pine Forests. In: Mota, M.M., Vieira, P. (eds) Pine Wilt Disease: A Worldwide Threat to Forest Ecosystems. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8455-3_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8455-3_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-8454-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-8455-3
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)