Thoracic radiation has been standard treatment for unresectable stage III nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for ̃35% of all NSCLC (Jemal et al., 2004). In the early 1990s, several randomized studies of thoracic radiation versus chemoradiation had been performed. Chemotherapy followed by radiation (sequential chemoradiation) showed significantly superior survival compared to that with radiation alone (Dillman et al., 1990; Le Chevalier et al., 1994; Sause et al., 2000). In a meta-analysis of 22 randomized clinical trials comparing chemoradiation to radiation, chemoradiation resulted in a significant reduction (10%) in the risk of death (Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Collaborative Group,1995). In addition, the cisplatin-based 12 trials showed a benefit of chemoradiation with a significant reduction in the risk of death of 27%. Furthermore, a few randomized trials comparing concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation to sequential chemoradiation showed that overall survival was improved by concurrent administration (Fournel et al., 2005; Furuse et al., 1999; Zatloukal et al., 2004). Thus, concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation seems the most powerful treatment for the locally advanced NSCLC patients with good performance status. However, long-term follow-up data of the concurrent chemoradiation were not fully analyzed except for some reports.
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Takigawa, N., Segawa, Y., Kiura, K. (2008). Secondary Primary Cancer Following Chemoradiation for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. In: Hayat, M.A. (eds) General Methods and Overviews, Lung Carcinoma and Prostate Carcinoma. Methods of Cancer Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8442-3_17
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