Another point of interest is the influence of an MHD-wave on ionospheric plasma. It is apparent that the electric field of an MHD-wave causes the movement of the background electron component and of ionospheric plasma inhomogeneities. The field-aligned currents in an Alfvén wave are directly related to the electron transfer along the external field. The FMS-wave magnetic pressure results in perturbations in plasma density. All these effects can be detected by ground-based and satellite methods using radio waves to investigate the ionosphere. Electron movement and density change cause displacement in the frequency and a turn of the polarization plane of the radio signal radiated either from the ground or a satellite. Both these effects are detected using Doppler and Faraday sounding.
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(2007). MHD-Wave Exposure on the Ionosphere. In: Hydromagnetic Waves in the Magnetosphere and the Ionosphere. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 353. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6637-5_12
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