Species-diverse production systems, such as agroforestry, provide opportunities to increase the value of total production through marketing of multiple products from a given unit of land. Designing successful systems requires an understanding of how species compete for resources and grow in proximity to other species with distinctly different growth habits and resource demands (Sanchez, 1995; Ong and Leakey, 1999). Systems successful in a particular soil-climate environment may not be productive or sustainable in others (Ong et al. 1991). Soil fertility, texture, and depth along with temperature, timing and amount of precipitation, solar radiation levels, and topography provide a wide array of site conditions that generates a virtually continuous array of growing conditions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barrett R.P. and Hanover J.W. (1991) Robinia pseudoacacia: A possible temperate zone counterpart to leucaena? pp. 27–41. In: H.E. “Gene” Garrett (ed.) The 2nd Conference on Agroforestry in North America, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
Belesky D.P. (2005) Dactylis glomerata growing along a light gradient I. Dry matter production and partitioning in plants established in spring or late summer. Agroforestry Systems 65: 81–90.
Boring L.R. and Swank W.T. (1984) The role of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) in forest succession. Journal of Ecology 72: 749–766.
Bross E.L., Gold M.A., and Nguyen P.V. (1995) Quality and decomposition of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) mulch for temperate alley cropping systems. Agroforestry Systems 29: 255–264.
Burner D.M. (2003) Influence of alley crop environment on orchardgrass and tall fescue herbage. Agronomy Journal 95: 1163–1171.
Clason T.R. (1999) Silvopastoral practices sustain timber and forage production in commercial loblolly pine plantations of northwest Louisiana, USA. Agroforestry Systems 44: 293–303.
Feldhake C.M. (2001) Microclimate of a natural pasture under planted Robinia pseudoacacia in central Appalachia, West Virginia. Agroforestry Systems 53: 297–303.
Gustafson A.F. (1935) Composition of black locust leaf mold and leaves and some observations on the effects of the black locust. Journal of the American Society of Agronomy 27: 237–239.
Hall R.C. (1937) Growth and yield in shipmast locust on Long Island and its relative resistance to locust borer injury. Journal of Forestry 35: 721–727.
Hoffard W.H. (1992) Insect pests of black locust. In: Hanover, J.W. Miller K., and Plesko S. (eds) Proc. International Conference on Black Locust: Biology, Culture, and Utilization, 17–21 June 2001. East Lansing, Michigan. Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, pp. 44–49.
Jaindl R.G. and Sharrow S.H. (1988) Oak/Douglas-fir/sheep: a three-crop silvopastoral system. Agroforestry Systems 6: 147–152.
Keresztesi B. (1988) Black locust: the tree of agriculture. Outlook on Agriculture 17: 77–85.
Lin C.H., McGraw R.L., George M.F., and Garrett H.E. (1999) Shade effects on forage crops with potential in temperate agroforestry practices. Agroforestry Systems 44:109–119.
Neel L.R. (1939) The effect of shade on pasture. Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station Circular 65.
Ntayombya P. and Gordon A.M. (1995) Effects of black locust on productivity and nitrogen nutrition of intercropped barley. Agroforestry Systems 29:239–254.
Ong C.K., Corlett J.E., Signh R.P., and Black C.R. (1991) Above and below ground interactions in agroforestry systems. Forest Ecology and Management 45:45–57.
Ong C.K. and Leakey R.R.B. (1999) Why tree-crop interactions in agroforestry appear at odds with tree-grass interactions in tropical savannahs. Agroforestry Systems 45:109–129.
Powers M.P., Lantagne M.A., Gold M.A., and Nguyen P.V. (1996) Incorporation of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) in temperate agroforestry systems. Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters National Convention pp. 210–217.
Ratliff R.D., Duncan D.A., and Westfall S.E. (1991) California oak-woodland overstory species affect herbage understory: Management implications. Journal of Range Management 44:306–310.
Sanchez P.A. (1995) Science in agroforestry. Agroforestry Systems 30:5–55.
Sinclair T.R., Shiraiwa T., and Hammer G.L. (1992) Variation in crop radiation-use efficiency with increased diffuse radiation. Crop Science 32:1281–1284.
Smith R.M. (1942) Some effects of black locusts and black walnut on southeastern Ohio pastures. Soil Science 53:385–398.
USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service. (1999) Agricultural Statistics. United States Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
Uselman S.M., Qualls R.G., and Thomas R.B. (1999) A test of a potential short cut in the nitrogen cycle: The role of exudation of symbiotically fixed nitrogen from the roots of a N-fixing tree and the effects of increased atmospheric CO2 and temperature. Plant and Soil 210:21–32.
Warren-Wilson J. (1959) Analysis of spatial distribution of foliage by two-dimensional point quadrat. New Phytology 58: 92–101.
Watson V.H., Hagedorn C., Knight W.E., and Pearson H.A. (1984) Shade tolerance of grass and legume germplasm for use in the southern forest range. Journal of Range Management 37: 229–232.
White D.L., Haines B.L., and Boring L.R. (1988) Litter decomposition in southern Appalachia black locust and pine-hardwood stands: Litter quality and nitrogen dynamics. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18: 54–63.
Youker R.E. (1965) Black locust for fence posts. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 19: 146.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science + Business Media B.V
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Feldhake, C.M., Belesky, D.P., Mathias, E.L. (2008). Forage Production Under and Adjacent to Robinia pseudoacacia in Central Appalachia, West Virginia. In: Jose, S., Gordon, A.M. (eds) Toward Agroforestry Design. Advances in Agroforestry, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6572-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6572-9_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-6571-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-6572-9
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)