In Europe, North America, Asia, and certain countries of the Middle East, e.g., Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, and Cyprus, institutionalized education in schools and universities and more broadly paideia/culture, have been considered to be important mechanisms in the formation of modern states and the building of nations since the period of the Enlightenment in the closing decades of the eighteenth century and the beginning of the nineteenth. From this perspective, education has been examined both as a factor contributing to nation/state-building and as a function of it (Green, 1990). By the role of education in the process of state-formation and nation-building in modern democratic polities one understands its (education's) role in cultivating social cohesion, citizenship, national culture, and national identity as well as in the education and training of personnel for the civil bureaucracy and the national and local state government apparatuses.
This chapter investigates the formation of the modern nation-state of Greece and the role of education, both in the narrow sense of schooling and in the broader sense of paideia, in this nation-building process. The case of Greece represents an empire-to-nation-state transformation, namely, the emergence and construction of a modern national state from the Ottoman Empire after a War of Independence in the 1820s. The afflatus for the political formation of the Greek nation-state and the concomitant formation of a national system of education was the Western European mixture of institutions and magma of significations known as the Enlightenment, which, inter alia, included constitutionalism, republicanism, democracy, the notion of the ‘citizen’ (citoyen), progress, rationalism, liberty/freedom, secularism, nationalism, the nation-state, the separation of Church and State, and a national public/state system of education (Harvey, 1990).
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Kazamias, A.M. (2009). Modernity, State-Formation, Nation Building, and Education in Greece. In: Cowen, R., Kazamias, A.M. (eds) International Handbook of Comparative Education. Springer International Handbooks of Education, vol 22. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6403-6_16
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