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Impacts of Non-Native Fish Species in Minas Gerais, Brazil: Present Situation and Prospects

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Ecological and Genetic Implications of Aquaculture Activities

Part of the book series: Methods and Technologies in Fish Biology and Fisheries ((REME,volume 6))

For some time, the rate of non-native fish introductions has been increasing in South America. There are many reasons for introductions: reservoir stocking programs, aquaculture, sport fishing, control of disease vectors, and the pet trade. Accidental escapes also contribute significantly. In Brazil, despite federal and state regulations, there are misunderstandings about such concepts as native, exotic, allochthonous, or autochthonous fishes and introductions, translocations, reintroductions, and transfers of fishes. Known impacts of exotic fishes include native species extinction, changes in competition and predation rates, limnological perturbations, introduction of diseases and parasites, hybridization with native species, and changes in fisheries composition. The few recorded benefits of non-native species introductions are restricted to the improvement of fish production and sport fisheries. In Minas Gerais, Brazil, records of exotic species have increased over the past seven years. In some of the most important river basins of that state, alien fish species might represent up to 40% of the fish fauna. Congeneric species, such as Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus and the exotic H. eques, can be captured from the same water body and the non-native species can be much more abundant than the native species. The recent introduction of Leporinus macrocephalus from the Pantanal may cause the same impact to the native L. copelandii. The widespread introduction of the peacock bass and other piscivorous species is the cause of local extinctions in the central lake of Lagoa Santa and in the Rio Doce valley lakes. Genetic problems can also be foreseen with the release of hybrids of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans and P. fasciatum in areas where only the first species naturally occurs. Tilapine species, the most widely distributed exotics within the state, have had negative impacts on fisheries and on fish species compositions in reservoirs. Solution to these problems must involve the following: (1) better enforcement of legislation governing the sale and transport of live organisms, (2) development of native-species aquaculture, and (3) public awareness programs on the adverse impacts of exotic species to the native fish fauna.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bio-Ambiental Consultoria Ltda, Rua Rio de Janeiro, 1758/902, 30160-042, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

    Carlos Bernardo M. Alves

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 4011, 31250-970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

    Fábio Vieira Ph.D

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Manejo de Vida Silvestre, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antoˆnio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

    André Lincoln B. Magalhães

  4. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Rio de Janeiro, 68020, 21941-590, Brasil

    Marcelo F. G. Brito Ph.D

Authors
  1. Carlos Bernardo M. Alves
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  2. Fábio Vieira Ph.D
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  3. André Lincoln B. Magalhães
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  4. Marcelo F. G. Brito Ph.D
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fishand Wildlife Research Institute, 100 Eighth Avenue South east, 33701, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA

    Theresa M. Bert Ph.D

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© 2007 Springer

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Alves, C.B.M., Vieira, F., Magalhães, A.L.B., Brito, M.F.G. (2007). Impacts of Non-Native Fish Species in Minas Gerais, Brazil: Present Situation and Prospects. In: Bert, T.M. (eds) Ecological and Genetic Implications of Aquaculture Activities. Methods and Technologies in Fish Biology and Fisheries, vol 6. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6148-6_16

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