From the history of introductions and the development of successful aquaculture elsewhere, it appears that the use of exotic species to speed up the rate of aquaculture development in Africa is unlikely to be an efficacious strategy. The major sustained aquaculture industries worldwide evolved from close working relationships between pioneering investors and local research-and-development institutions. The use of indigenous species avoids many environmental risks, facilitates broodstock and hatchery management at the farm level, and can increase the effectiveness of selective breeding programs. Public-sector involvement in the domestication and marketing of indigenous species can strengthen research, development, and education; broaden the range of investors; create more jobs; and increase the social benefits accruing as a result of aquaculture development.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abellán, E., and B. Basurco. 1999. Marine Finfish Species Diversification: Current Situation and Prospects in Mediterranean Aquaculture. Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomique Méditerranéen, Paris, France. 139 pp.
ALCOM (Aquatic Resource Management for Local Communities). 1994. Aquaculture into the 21st Century in Southern Africa. ALCOM Report 15. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 48 pp.
Barlow, B.A., and G.T. Tzotzos. 1995. BiotechnologyV.H. Heywood (ed.), Global Biodiversity Assessment. United Nations Environment Program. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. Pp. 671–710.
Bartley, D., and C.V. Casal. 1998. Impacts of introductions on the conservation and sustainable use of aquatic biodiversity. FAO Aquaculture Newsletter 20: 15–19.
Beardmore, J.A., G.C. Mair, and R.I. Lewis. 1997. Biodiversity in aquatic systems in relation to aquaculture. Aquaculture Research 28: 829–839.
Beveridge, M.C.M., and M.J. Phillips. 1993. Environmental impact of tropical inland aquacultureR.S.V. Pullin, H. Rosenthal, and J.L. Maclean (eds.), Environment and Aquaculture in Developing Countries. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 31. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Manila, Philippines. Pp. 213–236.
Binali, W. 1997. Fish transport between different catchment areas in ZimbabweH.W. van der Mheen and B.A. Haight (eds.), Report of the Technical Consultation on Species for Small Reservoir Fisheries and Aquaculture in Southern Africa. Aquatic Resource Management for Local Communities Report 19. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Pp. 34–35.
Boyd, C.E. 1995. Source water, soil and water quality impacts of sustainability in aquacultureProceedings of the 1995 PACON Conference on Sustainable Aquaculture. Pacific Congress on Marine Science and Technology, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. Pp. 24–33.
Breine, J.J., G.G. Teugels, and F. Ollevier. 1995. Preliminary results of integrated fish farming at the fish-breeding research station, Foumban, CamerounJ.J. Symoens and J.-C. Micha (eds.), The Management of Integrated Agro-Piscicultural Ecosystems in Tropical Areas. Technical Center for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Pp. 381–386.
Brooks, A.C., and A.O. Maluwa. 1997. The development of the nyasalapia Oreochromis karongae Trewavas (1941) for aquaculture in MalawiH.W. van der Mheen, and B.A. Haight (eds.), Report of the Technical Consultation on Species for Small Reservoir Fisheries and Aquaculture in Southern Africa. Aquatic Resource Management for Local Communities Report 19. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Pp. 25–26.
Brummett, R.E. 2000. Factors influencing fish prices in southern Malawi. Aquaculture 186: 243–251.
Brummett, R.E., and K. Katambalika. 1996. Protocols for the development of indigenous species: polyculture of indigenous species under Malawian smallholder conditions. Aquaculture Research 27: 225–233.
Bruton, M.N. 1990. The conservation of the fishes of Lake Victoria, Africa: an ecological perspective. Environmental Biology of Fishes 27: 161–175.
Christensen, C. 1994. Agricultural Research in Africa. Technical Paper 3. Office of Sustainable Development, Bureau for Africa, US Agency for International Development, Washington DC, USA. 52 pp.
Coche, A.G., B.A. Haight, and M.M.J. Vincke 1994. Aquaculture Development and Research in Sub-Saharan Africa. Committee for the Inland Fisheries of Africa Technical Paper 23. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 151 pp.
Corbin, J.S., and L.G.L. Young. 1997. Planning, regulation and administration of sustainable aquacultureJ.E. Bardach (ed.), Sustainable Aquaculture. John Wiley & Sons, New York City, New York, USA. Pp. 201–233.
Costa-Pierce, B.A. 1992. Review of the spawning requirements and feeding ecology of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and re-evaluation of its use in fisheries and aquaculture. Reviews in Aquatic Sciences 6: 257–273.
Courtenay, W.R., Jr., and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. 1990. The introduced fish problem and the aquarium fish industry. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 21: 145–159.
de Moor, I., and M.N. Bruton. 1988. Atlas of Alien and Translocated Indigenous Aquatic Animals in Southern Africa. South African National Scientific Programmes Report 144. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa. 310 pp.
Delgado, C.L., J. Hopkins, and V.A. Kelly. 1998. Agricultural Growth Linkages in Sub-Saharan Africa. Research Report 107. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C., USA. 139 pp.
Dill, W.A., and A. Ben-Tuvia. 1988. The inland fisheries of Israel. Bamidgeh 40: 75–104.
Eknath, A.E. 1991. Simple broodstock management to control indirect selection and inbreeding: Indian carp example. Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly 14(2): 13–14.
FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations). 1999. FISHSTAT electronic database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Website: http://www.fao.org/fi/statist/FISOFT/FISHPLUS.asp
FishBase. 1998. FishBase 98 website and CD ROM. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Manila, Philippines. Electronic publication. Website: www.fishbase.org
Forster, J. 1999. Aquaculture chickens, salmon—a case study. World Aquaculture 30(3): 33–70.
Fryer, G., and T.D. Iles. 1972. The Cichlid Fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa. TFH Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey, USA. 641 pp.
Gaillard, J. 1990. Science in the developing world: foreign aid and national policies at a crossroad. Ambio 19: 348–353.
Garibaldi, L. 1996. List of Animal Species Used in Aquaculture. Fisheries Circular 914. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 38 pp.
Hecht, T. 1997. A review of the development of clariid catfish culture in Southern AfricaH.W. van der Mheen and B.A. Haight (eds.), Report of the Technical Consultation on Species for Small Reservoir Fisheries and Aquaculture in Southern Africa. Aquatic Resource Management for Local Communities Report 19. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Pp. 26–27.
ICLARM. 1998. Dissemination and Evaluation of Genetically Improved Tilapia Species in Asia. ICLARM, Penang, Malaysia. 152 pp.
ICLARM-GTZ (International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management—Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit). 1990. The Context of Small Scale Integrated Agriculture-aquaculture Systems in Africa: a Case Study of Malawi. ICLARM Studies and Reviews 18. ICLARM and GTZ, Penang, Malaysia. 302 pp.
King, H.R. 1993. Aquaculture development and environmental issues in AfricaR.S.V. Pullin, H. Rosenthal, and J.L. Maclean (eds.), Environment and Aquaculture in Developing Countries. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 31. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Manila, Philippines. Pp. 116–124.
Lazard, J. 1992. Contribution à une réflexion sure des stratégies de recherche et développement en aquaculture du tilapia en Afrique sub-SaharienneG.M. Bernacsek and H. Powles (eds.), Aquaculture Systems Research in Africa. IDRC-MR308e,f. International Development Research Center, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. Pp. 235–255.
Lazard, J., Y. Lecomte, B. Stomal, and J.Y. Weigel 1991. Pisciculture en Afrique Subsaharienne. Ministère de la Coopération et du Développement, Paris, France. 155 pp.
Leventer, H. 1981. Biological control of reservoirs by fish. Bamidgeh 33: 3–23.
Lever, C. 1996. Naturalized Fishes of the World. Academic Press, London, England. 408 pp.
Lowe-McConnell, R.H. 1988. Ecology and distribution of tilapias in Africa that are important for aquacultureR.S.V. Pullin (ed.), Tilapia Genetic Resources for Aquaculture. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 16. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Penang, Malaysia. Pp. 12–18.
McNeely, J.A., M. Gadgil, C. Levèque, C. Padoch, and K. Redford. 1995. Human influences on biodiversityV.H. Heywood (ed.), Global Biodiversity Assessment. United Nations Environment Program. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. Pp. 711–821.
Mires, D. 1995a. Aquaculture and the aquatic environment: mutual impact and preventive management. Bamidgeh 47: 163–172.
Mires, D. 1995b. Israel's aquaculture 1995: recent developments and future prospects. Bamidgeh 47: 78–83.
Moreau, J. 1983. A review of introduction of tilapia in open inland waters of Africa, their influence on ecology and fisheriesL. Fishelson and Z. Yaron, compilers, International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture. Tel Aviv University, Telaviv, Israel. Pp. 77–85.
Moreau, J. 1997. Impact of fish introductions in African aquatic ecosystems: an evaluation by using ECOPATH IIK. Remane (ed.), African Inland Fisheries, Aquaculture and the Environment. Fishing News Books, Ltd., Oxford, United Kingdom. Pp. 326–350.
Moreau, J., J. Arrignon, and R.A. Jubb. 1988. Les introduction d'èspeces étrangeres dans les eaux continentales Africaines: interêt et limitesC. Lévêque, M.N. Bruton, and G.W. Ssentongo (eds.), Biology and Ecology of African Freshwater Fishes. Editons de L'ORSTOM, Travaux et Documents 216. Intitut Francais de Récherche Scientifique pour le Développement en Cooperation, Paris, France. Pp. 395–425.
Msiska, O.V. 1993. History of common carp introduction to MalawiO.V. Msiska and B.A. Costa-Pierce (eds.), History, Status, and Future of Common Carp as an Exotic Species in Malawi. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 40. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Penang, Malaysia. Pp. 8–11.
Msiska, O.V., and B.A. Costa-Pierce (eds.). 1993. History, Status, and Future of Common Carp as an Exotic Species in Malawi. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 40. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Penang, Malaysia. 27 pp.
New, M.B. 1999. Global aquaculture: current trends and challenges for the 21st century. World Aquaculture 30(1): 8–79.
Nguenga, D. 1988. The status of wild and cultured tilapia genetic resources in CamerounR.S.V. Pullin (ed.), Tilapia Genetic Resources for Aquaculture. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 16. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Penang, Malaysia. Pp. 19–21.
Otémé, J.Z. 1994. L'aquaculture du silure Heterobranchus longifilis en Côte d'Ivoire: bilan et perspectivesJ.-F. Agnèse (ed.), Comptes Rendus de l'aterlier Biodiversity et Aquaculture. Centre de Recherches Océanographiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Pp. 5–11.
Paperna, I. 1996. Parasites, Infections, and Diseases of Fishes in Africa: an Update. Committee for Inland Fisheries of Africa Technical Paper 31. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 220 pp.
Pillay, T.V.R. 1992. Aquaculture and the Environment. Fishing News Books, Oxford, United Kingdom. 189 pp.
Ruddle, K. 1993. The impacts of aquaculture development on socioeconomic environments in developing countries: toward a paradigm for assessmentR.S.V. Pullin, H. Rosenthal, and J.L Maclean (eds.), Environment and Aquaculture in Developing Countries. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 31. International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Penang, Malaysia. Pp. 20–41.
Sarig, S. 1989. The fish culture industry in Israel in 1988. Bamidgeh 41: 50–57.
Sarig, S. 1996. The fish culture industry in Israel in 1995. Bamidgeh 48: 158–164.
Satia, B.P. 1991. Why not Africa? Ceres 23(5): 26–31.
Shelton, W.L., and R.O. Smitherman. 1984. Exotic fishes in warmwater aquacultureW.R. Courtenay, Jr. and J.R. Stauffer, Jr. (eds.), Distribution, Biology and Management of Exotic Fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Pp. 262–301.
Snovsky, G., and J. Shapiro (eds.). 1999. The Fisheries and Aquaculture of Israel 1998, in Figures. Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Tiberias, Israel. 61 pp.
Street, D.R., and G.M. Sullivan. 1985. Equity considerations for fishery market technology in developing countries: aquaculture alternatives. Journal of the World Mariculture Society 16: 169–177.
Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E. 1994. Introduction of Aquatic Species into Zambian Waters, and Their Importance for Aquaculture and Fisheries. Aquatic Resource Management for Local Communities Field Document 24. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 29 pp.
Van Crowder, L., and J. Anderson. 1997. Linking research, extension and education: why is the problem so persistent and pervasive? European Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 3: 241–249.
van der Mheen, H.W., and B.A. Haight (eds.). 1997. Report of the Technical Consultation on Species for Small Reservoir Fisheries and Aquaculture in Southern Africa. Aquatic Resource Management for Local Communities Report 19. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 39 pp.
Vincke, M.M.J. 1995. The present state of development in continental aquaculture in AfricaJ.J. Symoens and J.-C. Micha (eds.), The Management of Integrated Agro-Piscicultural Ecosystems in Tropical Areas. Technical Center for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Pp. 27–61.
Williams, M.J. 1997. Aquaculture and sustainable food security in the developing worldJ.E. Bardach (ed.), Sustainable Aquaculture. John Wiley & Sons, New York City, New York, USA. Pp 15–51.
Winkleman, D.L. 1998. CGIAR Activities and Goals: Tracing the Connections. Issues in Agriculture. Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, World Bank, Washington, D.C., USA. 19 pp.
Woynarovich, A. 1997. Presently distributed fish species, the status of common carp, and pro and contra considerations on introducing Chinese carps into the waters of Northern Province of ZambiaH.W. van der Mheen and B.A. Haight (eds.), Report of the Technical Consultation on Species for Small Reservoir Fisheries and Aquaculture in Southern Africa. Aquatic Resource Management for Local Communities Report 19. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Pp. 34–39.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Brummett, R.E. (2007). Indigenous Species for African Aquaculture Development. In: Bert, T.M. (eds) Ecological and Genetic Implications of Aquaculture Activities. Methods and Technologies in Fish Biology and Fisheries, vol 6. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6148-6_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6148-6_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-0884-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-6148-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)