Fundamental concepts of the real world and their mapping in UML

Modeling is a complex task, an attempt to capture the intricacies of real-world situations, to describe the characteristics of real-world objects, their relationships, and the way objects communicate together to evolve. The modeling process is based on abstractions and concepts. An abstraction is a mental process of taking a thing, material (mobile phone) or immaterial (electromagnetic wave), real (person) or abstract (his emotional state), pruning all details that are not relevant for a particular purpose, naming it, giving it a short description to be able to manipulate and work with the abstraction (as a result) issued from this complexity reduction process. An abstraction is therefore both a process and a result of this process. The object or the idea that results from an abstraction cannot be a specific detailed thing (“Ferrari Car”cannot be an abstraction but “Car”can be an abstraction).