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Abstract

Recall that a Newtonian deterministic system is a system whose present state is fully determined by its initial conditions (at least, in principle), in contrast to a stochastic (or, random) system, for which the initial conditions determine the present state only partially, due to noise, or other external circumstances beyond our control. For a stochastic system, the present state relects the past initial conditions plus the particular realization of the noise encountered along the way. So, in view of classical science, we have either deterministic or stochastic systems.

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Ivancevic, V.G., Ivancevic, T.T. (2007). Introduction to Attractors and Chaos. In: High-Dimensional Chaotic and Attractor Systems. Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering, vol 32. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5456-3_1

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