Abstract
Urban lakes belong to various groups, for example from “young” to “old” with regard to development, and from “natural” to “anthropogenic” with respect to transformations due to human activity. The majority of these lakes are eutrophic and polytrophic, but special attention should be paid to mesotrophic ones, with relatively unchanged vegetation, with species of the class Charetea, e.g. Lake Redykajny (43.3% of the phytolittoral) or Lake Tyrsko (44.0% of the phytolittoral).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Braun-Blanquet, J., 1951. Pflanzensoziologie. Springer Verlang, Wien.
Ciecierska, H. 1997. Synathropization index as a measure of structural and spatial changes in the process of aquatic vegetation synanthropization. In: Directions of Ecology. Behavioral ecology (in Polish), Lublin, 233–361.
Hutchinson, G. E., 1975. A Treatise on Limnology, Vol. III, Limnological Botany. J. Wiley & Sons, New York.
Lampert, W. & U. Sommer, 1993. Limnookologie. G. T. Verlag Stuttgart, New York.
Lossow, K. Mientk,i Cz. & H. Gawrońska, 1991. Lakes of the city of Olsztyn-state, threats, protective measures (in Polish), Zlecenie Urzędu Miasta Olsztyna, 1–61.
Margalef, R., 1968. Perspectives in Ecological Theory. Univ. of Chicago Press.
Margalef R., 1975. External factors and ecosystem stability. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Hydrologie. Birkhäuser Verlag. Basel 37, 1: 102–117.
Mientki, Cz., M. Tedorowicz & G. Wiśniewski 1996. The changes in trophic conditions of the Ukiel (Krzywe) Lake, Olsztyn, years 1974–1993. Polish Archives in Hydrobiology 43(3): 299–309.
Odum, E., 1971. Fundamentals of ecology. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
Official Journal of the European Union 2000. Directive 2000/ 60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal issue L. 327.
Rejewski, M., 1981. Vegetation of lakes in the region of Laski in the Tuchola Forests (in Polish), Rozprawy Univ. M. Kopernika, Toruń, 1–178.
Sculthorpe, C. D., 1985. The biology of aquatic vascular plants. Edward Arnold, London (1967), reprint Koeltz Scientific Books, West Germany.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ciecierska, H. (2006). Evaluation of the status of lakes located in the City of Olsztyn (Masurian Lake District, N-E Poland) by the macrophytoindication method (MPhI). In: Caffrey, J.M., Dutartre, A., Haury, J., Murphy, K.J., Wade, P.M. (eds) Macrophytes in Aquatic Ecosystems: From Biology to Management. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 190. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5390-0_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5390-0_20
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-5389-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-5390-0
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)