In Ghana the main system for technical and vocational education and training (TVET) for self-employment is the traditional apprenticeship system. Then there is the school system with its vocationalized aspirations; the long-standing political and policy concern over the high levels of youth unemployment have led to repeated attempts by the government to make the education system more orientated to the world of work by promoting school-based TVET (Palmer, 2006b). In addition, there have been other attempts, though with less longevity, to provide long-term pre-employment skills training in vocational training institutes (VTIs), short-term skills-upgrading for traditional apprentices and master-craftsmen, and short-term skills training for the ‘unemployed’.
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Palmer, R. (2009). Initiatives to Link TVET to Self-Employment in Ghana. In: Maclean, R., Wilson, D. (eds) International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5281-1_18
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