Skip to main content

ANALYSING THE EMOTIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF RENDERING STYLES

  • Conference paper
Design Computing and Cognition ’06

Abstract

Computer graphics images are characterised by both object information and emotive 2mplications. To promote proper interpretation, it is important to convey incomplete or approximate object information in conceptual design, as well as emotive expressiveness, via the graphics interface. This paper presents a study of user perception and emotional responses to different rendering styles using Kansei Engineering. The investigation involved a sample comprising of 61 students and faculty, and 30 different rendering styles representing existing photorealistic (PR), non-photorealistic (NPR) and new vague rendering (VR) styles. The study has shown that VR styles are able to affect viewers of images in a different way than PR and NPR styles. That is, VR styles are most effective for conveying affective and functional content, PR styles for affective content, and NPR styles for affective, motivational and cognitive content.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Barnard, PJ and May, J: 1993, Cognitive Modelling for User Requirements in Computers, Communication and Usability: Design issues, research and methods for integrated services, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp. 101–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burns, KJ: 2001, Mental models of line drawings, Perception 30(10): 1249–1261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coolican, H: 2004, Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology, Hodder and Stoughton, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Curtis, CJ, Anderson, SE, Seims, JE, Fleischer, KW, and Salesin, DH: 1997, Computer generated water colour, Computer Graphics 31: 421–430.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dooley, D and Cohen, MF: 1990, Automatic illustration of 3D geometric models: Surfaces, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 13(2): 307–314.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duke, DJ, Barnard, PJ, Duce DA, and May J: 1999, Syndetic modelling, Human Computer Interaction 13(4): 93–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duke, DJ, Barnard, PJ, Halper, N, and Mellin, M: 2003, Rendering and affect, Computer Graphics Forum 22(3): 359–368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erwig, M and Schneider, M: 1997, Vague regions, 5th International Symposium on Advances in Spatial Databases (SSD’97), pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferwada, J: 2003, Three varieties of realism in Computer Graphics, Proceedings of SPIE Human Vision and Electronic Imaging, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • George, G and Mallery, P: 2005, SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference 12.0 Update, Pearson Education, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gooch, A, Gooch, B, Sherley, P, and Cohen, E: 1998, A non-photorealistic lighting model for automatic technical illustration, Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guan, X, MacCallum, KJ, and Duffy, A: 1996, Classification of geometric design information and manipulation for vague geometric modelling, Workshop on Knowledge Intensive CAD, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guan, X, Duffy, A, and MacCallum KJ: 1997, Prototype system for supporting the incremental modelling of vague geometric configurations, Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 11: 287–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halper, N, Mellin, M, Herrmann, CS, Linneweber, V, and Strothotte T: 2003, Towards an understanding of psychology of non-photorealistic rendering, Proceedings of Workshop on Computational Visualistics, Media Informatics and Virtual Communities, Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckbert, PS: 1990, Adaptive radiosity textures for bidirectional ray tracing, Computer Graphics (ACM SIGGRAPH’90 Conference Proceedings), New York 24, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herman, I, and Duke, DJ: 2001, Minimal graphics, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 21(6): 18–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Horvath, I, Rusak, Z, Vergeest, JSM, and Kuczogi, G: 2000, Vague modelling for conceptual design, Proceedings of the Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering, Delft University Press, Delft, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howitt, D and Cramer, D: 2003, A Guide to Computing with SPSS 11 for Windows, Pearson Higher Education, Essex, England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howitt, D and Cramer, D: 2005, Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology, Pearson Education, Essex, England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu, SC, Lee, IHH, and Wiseman, NE: 1993, Skeletal strokes, Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, Atlanta, ACM Press, New York, USA, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishihara, S, Ishihara, K, Nagamachi, M, and Matsubara, Y: 1997, An analysis of Kansei structure on shoes using self-organizing neural networks, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 19: 93–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kajiya, JT: 1986, The Rendering Equation, Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, ACM Press, New York, USA, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuczogi, G, Rusak, Z, and Horvath, I: 2000, Towards a natural user interface for comprehensive support of conceptual shape design, UkrObraz2000 5th All-Ukrainian International Conference on Signal/Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S, Harada, A, and Stappers, PJ: 2000, Pleasure with products: Design based on Kansei, Proceedings of the Pleasure-Based Human Factors seminar, Taylor and Francis, Copenhagen, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim, S: 2002, An Approach to Design Sketch Modelling, PhD Thesis, CAD Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow.

    Google Scholar 

  • Litwinowicz, P: 1997, Processing images and video for an impressionist effect, Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, ACM Press, New York, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonagh, D, Bruseberg, A, and Haslam, C: 2002, Visual evaluation: Exploring users’ emotional relationships with products, Applied ergonomics: Human Factors in Technology and Society 33(3): 237–246.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meier, BM: 1996, Painterly rendering for animation, International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, ACM Press, New York, pp. 477–484

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagamachi, M: 1995, Kansei engineering: A new ergonomic consumer oriented technology for product development, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 15: 3–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Osgood, CE, Suci, GJ, and Tannenbaum, PH: 1957, The Measurement of Meaning, University of Illinois Press, Urbana.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, G: 1986, An investigation of the presentation of graphical approximations, Technical Note, CAD Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell, AT and Gero, JS: 1998, Drawings and the design process, Design Studies 19: 389–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rusak, Z, Horvath, I, Kuczogi, G, and Vergeest, JSM: 2000, Techniques for generating shape instances from domain distributed vague models, Proceedings of UkrObraz, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saito, T and Takahashi, T: 1990, Comprehensible rendering of 3-D shapes, Computer Graphics 24(4): 197–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salisbury, M, Wong, MT, Hughes, JF, and Salesin, DH: 1997, Orientable textures for image based pen-and-ink Illustration, Computer Graphics, SIGGRAPH’97 Proceedings Issue, Addison Wesley, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schofield, S: 1994, Non-photorealistic Rendering: A Critical Examination and Proposed System, PhD Thesis, School of Art and Design, Middlesex University, United Kingdom.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schumann, J, Strothotte,T, Raab, A, and Laser, S: 1996, Assessing the effect of non-photo realistic rendered images in CAD, Proceedings of CHI’96 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM Press, Vancouver, Canada, pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sillion, FX: 1994, Radiosity and Global Illumination, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers San Francisco, CA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smithers, T: 1998, Towards a knowledge level theory of design process, Artificial Intelligence in Design, pp. 3–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson, DA, Guan, X, MacCallum, KJ, and Duffy, A: 1996 Sketching on the back of the computational envelope…and then posting it? AID’96 Workshop on Visual Presentation, Reasoning and Interaction in Design, Stanford University, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strothotte, T, Preim, B, Raab, A, Schumann, J, and Forsey, DR: 1994, How to Render Frames and Influence People, Computer Graphics Forum, Proceedings of EuroGraphics 13(3): 455–466.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tenneti, R and Duffy, A: 2005, Identifying requirements for rendering in conceptual design, International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED’05), Melbourne.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willows, DM and Houghton, HA: 1987, The Psychology of Illustration, Berlin-Heidelberg-Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winkenbach, G and Salesin, DH: 1994, Computer generated pen-and-ink illustrations, Computer Graphics, SIGGRAPH’94 Proceedings Issue 28(4): 91–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi, Y, Nakamura, H, and Kimura, F: 1992, Probabilistic solid modelling: A new approach for handling uncertain shapes, Geometric Modelling for Product Realisation, North Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 95–108.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer

About this paper

Cite this paper

TENNETI, R., DUFFY, A. (2006). ANALYSING THE EMOTIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF RENDERING STYLES. In: GERO, J.S. (eds) Design Computing and Cognition ’06. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5131-9_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5131-9_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-5130-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-5131-9

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics