Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere for Environmental Security pp 301–316Cite as

Urban Air Pollution and Its Photochemistry Studied by Laser Spectroscopic Methods

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: NATO Security through Science Series ((NASTC))

Abstract

This work compares approaches both of mathematical and physical modelling of pollutant dispersion in simulated atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) with results of remote sensing of atmospheric pollutants. Measurements were performed over a highway outside a city and in an urban street canyon with extensive traffic under different meteorological conditions (autumn versus summer period). Time-resolved spatial distributions of pollutants (NO2 and O3) were measured by the combined DIAL (differential absorption light detection and ranging)/SODAR (sound detection and ranging) method and using spot analyzers appropriately located on the leeward and windward sides near the urban street canyon bottom. Qualitative agreement was found between the results obtained by remote sensing in the real atmosphere and those obtained by physical modelling in the simulated atmosphere of a wind tunnel for the autumn period. On the other hand, the analysis of the monitoring results and outputs of the physical modelling shows disagreement for the summer period. Besides neglecting the thermal effect during the sunny period, chemical reactions or photochemical processes taking place in the street canyon can affect the dispersion and distribution of pollutants very significantly. To improve the description of the system investigated, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) environment was tested for a basic implementation of photochemical reactions into the commonly used mathematical models of turbulence and dispersion processes as well.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation, edited by R.A. Meyers (John Wiley, New York, 1998).

    Google Scholar 

  2. R. Berkowitz in Urban Air Polluttion-Europian Aspects, esited by J. Fenger, O. Hertel, F. Palmgren (Kluwer, London, 1998) p. 223

    Google Scholar 

  3. S. Svanberg, Differential absorption lidar (DIAL). Air Monitoring by Spectroscopic Techniques, edited by M.W. Sigrist (John Wiley, New York, 1994) pp. 85–161.

    Google Scholar 

  4. H.D. Kambezidis, D. Weidauer, D. Melas, M. Ulbricht, Air quality in the Athens basin during sea breeze and non-sea breeze days using laser-remote-sensing technique. Atmospheric Environment, 32(12), 2173–2182 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Zwozdziak, A. Zwozdziak I. Sowka, K. Ernst, T. Stacewicz, A. Szymanski, S. Chudzynski, A. Czyzewski, W. Skubiszak, K. Stelmaszczyk, Some results on the ozone vertical distribution in atmospheric boundary layer from LIDAR and surface measurements over the Kamienczyk Valley, Poland. Atmospheric Research, 58, 55–70, (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. T. Fukuchi, T. Fujii, N. Cao, K. Nemoto, N. Takeuchi, Tropospheric O3 measurement by simultaneous differential absorption lidar and null profiling and comparison with sonde measurement. Optical Engineering 40(9), 1944–1949 (2001).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Thomasson, S. Geffroy, E. Frejafon, D. Weidauer, R. Fabian, Y. Godet, M. Nominé, T. Menard, P. Rairoux, D. Moeller, J.P. Wolf, Lidar mapping of ozoneepisode dynamics in Paris and intercomparison with spot analyzers. Applied Physics, B74, 453–459 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  8. M. Beniston, J.P. Wolf, M. Beniston-Rebetez, H.J. Kölsch, P. Rairoux, L. Wöste, Use of lidar measurements and numerical models in air pollution research. Journal of Geophysical Research 95(D7), 9879–9894 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Z. Zelinger, S. Civiš, Z. Jaňour, Laser photoacoustic spectrometry and its application for simulation of air pollution in a wind tunel. Analyst. 124, 1205–1208 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Z. Zelinger, M. Střižík, P. Kubát, Z. Jaňour, P. Berger, A. Černý, P. Engst, Laser remote sensing and photoacoustic spectrometry applied in air pollution investigation. Opt. Lasers Eng. 42(4), 403–412 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. R. J. Adrian, Particle-Imaging techniques for fluid mechanics. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 23, pp. 261, 1991.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. M. Pavageau, Concentration Fluctuations in Urban Street Canyons (Meteorologisches Institut der Hamburg Universität, Hamburg, 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  13. M.W. Sigrist, Air Monitoring, Optical Spectroscopic Methods, in Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation, edited by R. A. Meyers (John Wiley, New York 1998) p. 84.

    Google Scholar 

  14. M.W. Sigrist, Air Monitoring by Laser Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, in Air Monitoring by Spestroscopic Techniques, edited by M. W. Sigrist (John Wiley, New York 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  15. R.M. Measures, Laser Remote Sensing, Fundamentals and Applications (Krieger Publishing, Florida, 1992).

    Google Scholar 

  16. U. Panne, Laser remote sensing. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 17(8, 9), 491–500 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. D. Weidauer, Analyse und Bewertung von Smog-Situationen mittels LIDAR, Dissertation (Freie Universität, Berlin, 1998).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Z. Zelinger, M. Střižík, P. Kubát, S. Civiš, Quantitative analysis of trace mixtures of toluene and xylenes by CO2 laser photoacoustic spektrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 422, 179–185 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. S. Civiš, Z. Zelinger, M. Střižík, Z. Jaňour, Simulation of air pollution in a wind tunnel, in. NATO Sci Ser II.: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 20. (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 2001) pp 275–299.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Z. Zelinger, Z. Papoušková, M. Jakoubková, P. Engst, Determination of trace quantities of freon by laser optoacoustic detection and by classical infrared-spectroscopy. Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 53(4), 749–755 (1988).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. V. Steiner, P. Engst, Z. Zelinger, M. Horák, Laser optoacoustic detection of trace concentration levels of ethylene, vinylchloride, and styrene in the troposphere Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 54(10), 2667–2673, (1989).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Z. Zelinger, I. Jančik, P. Engst, Measurement of the NH3, CCl2F2, CHCIF2, CFCl3, AND CCIF3 absorption-coefficients at isotopic 13C16O2 laser wavelength by photoacoustic spectroscopy. Applied Optics 31, 6974–6975 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Civiš, M. Střižík, Z. Jaňour, J. Holpuch, Z. Zelinger, Wind tunnel simulation of air pollution dispersion in a street Canon. J. AOAC International, 85(1), 243–248 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Z. Jaňour, A new atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel at the Institute of Thermomechanics (EUROMECH Col. 338, Bologna, 1995).

    Google Scholar 

  25. HORIBA Europe GmbH. Tulnn. The User Guide (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  26. FLUENT Inc. Lebanon. Fluent Users Guide, Tutorial Guide (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  27. D. H. Ehhalt, Photo oxidation of trace gases in the troposphere. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 1(24), 5401–5408 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 182 23, Prague 8, Czech Republic

    Zdeněk Zelinger & Pavel Kubát

  2. Faculty of Safety Engineering, VŠB — Technical University of Ostrava, Lumírova 13, 700 30, Ostrava-Výškovice, Czech Republic

    Michal Střižík & Pavel Danihelka

  3. Institute of Thermomechanics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 5, 182 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic

    Michal Střižík, Klára Bezpalcová & Zbyněk Jaňour

  4. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VŠB — Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, 708 33, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic

    Sylva Drábková & Milada Kozubková

  5. LIDAR, s.r.o., Washingtonova 17, 110 00, Prague 1, Czech Republic

    Pavel Berger, Alexandr Černý & Pavel Engst

Authors
  1. Zdeněk Zelinger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Pavel Kubát
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Michal Střižík
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Klára Bezpalcová
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Zbyněk Jaňour
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Pavel Danihelka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Sylva Drábková
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Milada Kozubková
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Pavel Berger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Alexandr Černý
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Pavel Engst
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques, CNRS, Universités Paris VII et XII, Créteil, France

    Agnès Perrin

  2. Laboratoire de Spectronomie, Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences de Rabat, Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco

    Najate Ben Sari-Zizi

  3. Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, UMR CNRS, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France

    Jean Demaison

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer

About this paper

Cite this paper

Zelinger, Z. et al. (2006). Urban Air Pollution and Its Photochemistry Studied by Laser Spectroscopic Methods. In: Perrin, A., Ben Sari-Zizi, N., Demaison, J. (eds) Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere for Environmental Security. NATO Security through Science Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5090-9_19

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation